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NUCMED - FINALS Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two radiopharmaceuticals intended for Bone Scan ?

A
  1. 99m Tc - Methylene Diphosphonate (MDP)
  2. 99m-Tc Hydroxymethylene Diphosphonate (HDP_
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2
Q

This is a nuclear medicine procedure intended for scanning metabolic bone diseases

A

Bone Scan

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3
Q

LEHR stands for:

A

Low Energy High Resolution

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4
Q

Bone Scan radiopharmaceuticals make use of which of the following dose range

A. 10 - 20 mCi
B. 20 - 30 mCi
C. 30 - 40 mCi
D. 40 - 50 mCi

A

B. 20 - 30 mCi

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5
Q

The following radiopharmaceuticals are used for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging EXCEPT:

A. SESTAMIBI
B. Tetrofosmin
C. Thallium Chloride
D. HSAM

A

D. HSAM

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6
Q

This nuclear medicine procedure is used for the diagnosis and localization of myocardial infarction, ischemia, and coronary artery disease

A

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (Cardiac Scan)

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7
Q

Which myocardial perfusion imaging radiopharmaceutical is typically used for FIRST TIMER patients ?

A. SESTAMIBI
B. Tetrofosmin
C. Thallium Chloride
D. HSAM

A

A. SESTAMIBI

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8
Q

The two collimators for myocardial perfusion imaging are LEHR, and LEAP collimators, wherein LEAP stands for __________

A

Low Energy All Purpose

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9
Q

Which type of myocardial perfusion imaging test involves the use of a treadmill or a pharmacologic medicine which makes the heart beat faster ?

A

STRESS

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10
Q

Which collimator for myocardial perfusion imaging is used with 99m Tc ?

A

LEHR Collimator

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11
Q

______% of the maximum heart rate must be obtained in myocardial perfusion imaging

A

85 %

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

After injection of 15 mCi of 99mTc for myocardial perfusion imaging, how long should you wait ?

A. 30 mins
B. 45 mins.
C. 30-45 mins.
D. 45 mins. - 1 hr.

A

D. 45 mins. - 1 hr.

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12
Q

To derive the maximum Heart Rate, what is the formula to be used ?

A

220 - Patient Age

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13
Q

What are the pharmacologics involved in myocardial perfusion imaging (3):

A
  1. Adenosine
  2. Dobutamine
  3. Dipyridamole

(A-D-D)

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Rest 99mTc dose for myocardial perfusion imaging is 15 mCi whereas Stress dose is 30 mCi

A

TRUE

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15
Q

If cardiac scan presents results of NORMAL REST and ABNORMAL STRESS, it hence leads to ______

A

Ischemia

(NOR-AB)

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16
Q

If cardiac scan presents ABNORMAL REST and ABNORMAL STRESS, it corresponds as ________

A

Infarction

(AB-AB)

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17
Q

This pertains to the rate in which the kidney can function and filter waste

A

Glomerular Filtration Rate

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18
Q

Which radiopharmaceutical may be used for GFR scan ?

A. DTPA
B. MAA
C. HSAM
D. Thallium Chloride

A

Either A or B

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19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

GFR Scan makes use of the LEHR Collimator.

A

FALSE

GFR Scan makes use of the LEAP Collimator.

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20
Q

Patients undertaking Renal Scan are usually asked to place the arms above the head after injection of radiopharma to enable DTPA to flow downward. This is called as ________

A. Umbrella Effect
B. Drop-down Effect
C. Elevator Effect
D. Raindrop Effect

A

A. Umbrella Effect

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21
Q

A patient underwent GFR scan and the presented result was 120, what would be the GFR remark of the patient ?

A. Kidney Failure
B. Kidney Disease
C. Normal
D. Kidney Transplant

A

C. Normal

GFR Results from 60-120 are considered NORMAL.

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22
Q

Renal Scan Radiopharmaceutical dose ranges from:

A. 200-300 MBq
B. 210-310 MBq
C. 259-370 MBq
D. 260-400 MBq

A

C. 259-370 MBq (7-10 mCi)

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23
This is the nuclear medicine procedure intended for urinary INCONTINENENCE
Renal Diuretic Scan
24
Which is an example of a diuretic to be injected in Renal Diuretic Scan ? A. Formaldehyde B. Furosemide C. Fungisol D. Fuxemide
B. Furosemide
25
MAG3 stands for _______
Mercaptoacetyltriglycine
26
Which nuclear medicine procedure is used for pulmonary disorders ? A. Lung Ventilation Scan B. Lung Perfusion Scan C. Lung Formation Scan D. Lung Precipitation Scan
B. Lung Perfusion Scan
27
COLLIMATOR Xenon-133 makes use of the _______ collimator whereas 99m Tc-DTPA uses _________
Xenon-133 = LEAP 99m Tc-DTPA = LEHR
28
Which pathology is greatly indicated by positive results from Lung Ventilation Scan ? A. Atelectasis B. Pulmonary Embolism C. COPD D. Pulmonary Tuberculosis
A. Atelectasis
29
Positive Lung Perfusion Scan results indicate which pathology ? A. Atelectasis B. Pulmonary Embolism C. COPD D. Pulmonary Tuberculosis
B. Pulmonary Embolism
30
A Positive Result for both Lung Ventilation and Perfusion Scan present which pathology ? A. Atelectasis B. Pulmonary Embolism C. COPD D. Pulmonary Tuberculosis
C. COPD
31
The following are INDICATIONS of ADRENAL SCAN EXCEPT: A. Hyperaldosteronism B. Hypoaldosteronism C. Adrenal Incidentalomas D. Adrenal Hyperandrogenism
B. Hypoaldosteronism
32
Which of the following is the right RPM (Radiopharmaceutical) dose for Adrenal Scan ? A. 1 mCi B. 2 mCi C. 3 mCi D. 4 mCi
B. 2 mCi
33
TRUE OR FALSE Congenital asplenia is not an indication of Liver/Spleen Scan. Bonus Ques: Asplenia stands for ?
FALSE Congenital asplenia IS AN INDICATION of Liver/Spleen Scan. Bonus Ans: ABSENCE of the Spleen
34
Which of the following is the RPM dose range required for Liver / Spleen ? A. 2-5 mCi B. 2-6 mCi C. 2-7 mCi D. 2-8 mCi
C. 2-7 mCi
35
This pertains to the enlargement of the spleen
Splenomegaly
36
DISIDA stands for
Diisopropy Iminodiacetic Acid
37
What are the three (3) common RPMs for Hepatobiliary and Gallbladder Scan ?
1. Iminodiacetic Acid (IDA) 2. Diisopropy Iminodiacetic Acid (DISIDA) 3. Mebrofenin (BRIDA)
38
Patient Mingyu presents complaints of pain in the upper right abdominal quadrant, presumed to be in the gallbladder area. To verify suspicions of cholecystitis, which nuclear medicine procedure must be employed ?
Hepatobiliary and Gallbladder (HIDA) Scan
39
Meckel's Diverticulum is also simply known as ________
Outpouching
40
Which of the following standards serve as the best guide for administration of pediatric dose ? A. Age B. Height C. Weight D. Status
C. Weight (Kaya ang doses for RPM ng Meckel's Diverticulum is per kg ang kasunod kasi mas defined ang metabolic rate/activity ng patient pag eto ang basis and mabibigay tamang dose)
41
qid in radiopharmacology stands for ?
"Quater in Die" / FOUR TIMES A DAY
42
Additional MD RPM doses may be administered an hour before the exam to inhibit the release of _______ from the ectopic mucosa into the bowel lumen and increases gastric uptake
Pertechnetate
43
What are the three (3) common indications for a Thyroid Scan ?
1. Hyperthyroidism 2. Hypothyroidism 3. Thyroiditis
44
Which of the following collimators are used for Thyroid scan ? 1. LEAP 2. LEHR 3. Pinhole 4. Diverging A. 1 Only B. 1&3 C. 2&3 D. 1,2,3,4
B. 1&3 (LEAP and Pinhole)
45
HALF LIFE RECAP: Iodine-131
8.04 Days
46
RPM for Thyroid Uptake Scan may be done orally through a ______ or through a _______
1. Capsule 2. Straw from Lead Container
47
After administration of Iodine, the patient will return after _____ and _____ for measurement
2 Hours and 24 Hours
48
Thyroid Uptake Scan Measurement Percentage 2 Hours = 24 Hours =
2 Hours = 5% to 20% 24 Hours = 7% to 35%
49
It is a procedure done to decrease the function of some or all of the thyroid gland
Thyroid Ablation [Remember the UP Statue (Oblation) with this one]
50
In Thyroid Ablation, the patient should discontinue thyroid medication ________ before therapy
2 to 4 Weeks
51
Which radiation dosimetry device is used after administration of RPM dose for Thyroid Ablation ? A. Geiger-Muller Counter B. Ionization Chamber C. Solid-State Detectors D. OSL
A. Geiger-Muller Counter
52
The limit range of radiation reading 1 m from the patient's chest must be: A. 4-5 mR B. 5-7 mR C. 6-8 mR D. 8-10 mR
B. 5-7 mR
53
TRUE OR FALSE Patients succeeding Thyroid Ablation must bathe at least once and wash hands frequently two days after treatment
FALSE Patients succeeding Thyroid Ablation must bathe AT LEAST TWICE and wash hands frequently two days after treatment
54
On your way back to the house after Thyroid Ablation, where should you be seated in the car ? A. Front Seat B. Back Seat Left C. Back Seat Right D. Compartment / Trunk
C. Back Seat Right
55
This is the FIRST LYMPH in which cancer cells are most likely to spread
Sentinel Lymph Nodes
56
This procedure helps predict the risk of melanoma spread in the future
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
57
Lymphoscintigram is also called as _______ or _______
1. Lymphatic Drainage Scan (LDS) 2. Lymphatic Mapping Test (LMT)
58
Lymphoscintigram patients must be fasted for ______ before the due time for the operation A. 4 Hours B. 5 Hours C. 6 Hours D. 7 Hours
C. 6 Hours
59
What do you call the antiseptic used by doctors before Lymphoscintigram ?
ChloraPrep
60
It is an instrument used and functions like a small Geiger-Muller Counter which locates nodes through making noise.
Gamma Probe
61
What is the color of the methylene dye injected by the time of Intraoperative Lymphatic Mapping ? A. Red B. Green C. Black D. Blue
D. Blue
62
The methylene dye is injected to meet the purpose of: A. Marking the Site for Injection/Puncture B. Making it Easier for the Surgeon to Find Lymph Nodes C. Acting as a Sedative to help the Patient Calm Down During Surgery D. Wala lang, para estetik
B. Making it Easier for the Surgeon to Find Lymph Nodes
63
This involves an incision over the area of the marked lymph nodes that have been identified by the lymphoscintigram.
Selective Biopsy
64
DEXA stands for _______
Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry
65
This procedure uses a very small dose of ionizing radiation to produce pictures of the lumbar spine, hips, vertebrae and forearm to measure bone loss
Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)
66
It is a general term encompassing the art and science of measuring the BONE MINERAL CONTENT and DENSITY of specific skeletal sites or the whole body.
Bone Densitometry
67
It is a disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and degradation of bone architecture to a level that bones may not support the mechanical stress and loading of normal activity
Osteoporosis
68
TRUE OR FALSE Persistent caffeine consumption is a risk factor for osteoporosis
TRUE
69
This is osteoporosis caused by bone resorption exceeding bone formation due to estrogen deprivation in women.
Type 1 - Post Menopausal
70
It is osteoporosis that occurs in aging men and women from a decreased ability to build bone
Type 2 - Senile / Age-related
71
This is caused by a HETEROGENOUS group of skeletal disorders resulting in imbalance of bone turnover.
Secondary Osteoporosis
72
Enumerate the seven (7) causes of Osteoporosis:
1. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Osteomalacia 3. Rheumatoid Arthritis 4. Anorexia Nervosa 5. Cancer 6. Cancer Medications 7. Corticosteroids (HORA CCC - Kunwari Spanish ka na medyo Korean)
73
SERMS stand for:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
74
PTH stands for
Parathyroid Hormone
75
Spine scans are most appropriate for predicting vertebral fracture risk in patients _________ of age because degenerative changes in the elderly elevate spinal BMD, giving a false underestimate of fracture risk.
Less than 65 Years of Age
76
Which lower extremity is the best predictor of future hip fracture ? A. Femur B. Hip C. Tibia D. Fibula
B. Hip
77
This procedure is performed to determine vertebral shape abnormalities that may indicate vertebral fragility fractures which are a strong risk factor for future vertebral fractures
Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA)
78
What are the two (2) important Regions of Interest (ROIs) present on a DXA forearm scan ?
1. Ultra Distal Region 2. One-third (33%) Region
79
Which among the two Forearm ROI's is considered as the common site of Colle's fracture ?
Ultra Distal Region
80
This indicates the number of Standard Deviation the patient’s BMD is from the average BMD for the patient's respective age and sex group
Z-Score
81
This indicates the number of Standard Deviation the patient’s BMD is from the average BMD of young, normal, sex-matched individuals with peak bone mass; hence applicable in assessing fracture risks, diagnose osteoporosis, and osteopenia
T-Score
82
Half-life Recap Technetium-99m
6.02 Hours
83
How many hours before a heart can rest from rapid beating after stress methods in cardiac scan ? A. 2 Hours B. 3 Hours C. 4 Hours D. 5 Hours
B. 3 Hours
84
Suppose that Patient Ajero will undergo the Treadmill Stress scanning for myocardial perfusion imaging. Mr. Ajero is aged 26, what would be his Maximum Heart Rate ?
194 bpm
85
HDP stands for _____
Hydroxymethylene Diphosphonate
86
Lung Ventilation Sca RPMs may be administered by inhalation through _____ or _____ apparatus
Mask or Mouth
87
Which RPM is typically used for Liver/Spleen Scan ? A. 99mTc - Sulfur Colloid B. HAA C. SESTAMIBI D. I-131
A. 99mTc - Sulfur Colloid
88
SPECT stands for _____
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography

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