NUR 220 - Cardiovasc. + Ab/GI

Question 1

what is the normal heart rate?

Answer 1

60-100 bpm

Question 2

what area of the heart can become enlarged with cardiac issues?

Answer 2

left ventricle

Question 3

what are the three layers of the heart from outside to inside

Answer 3

pericardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 4

what are the AV valves?

Answer 4

tricuspid and mitral

Question 5

what are the semilunar valves?

Answer 5

aortic and pulmonic

Question 6

what is systole?

Answer 6

ventricles contracting

Question 7

what sound does systole make?

Answer 7

LUB

Question 8

what valves close during systole?

Answer 8

tricuspid + mitral

Question 9

what is diastole?

Answer 9

ventricles relaxing and filling

Question 10

what sound does diastole make?

Answer 10

DUB

Question 11

what valves close during diastole?

Answer 11

aortic + pulmonic

Question 12

what is the pacemaker of the heart

Answer 12

sinoatrial SA node

Question 13

what happens if the SA node fails?

Answer 13

AV node starts

Question 14

what is the normal rate for the atrioventricular AV node?

Answer 14

40-60bpm

Question 15

what is the normal rate for the perkinje fibers and bundle of his?

Answer 15

20-40bpm

Question 16

what happens if the SA and AV node fails?

Answer 16

perkinje fibers + bundle of his start up

Question 17

why do we always ask about herbal medications?

Answer 17

could interact with prescribed meds

Question 18

what is rhuematic fever?

Answer 18

unhealed strep throat that causes scar tissue on the heart

Question 19

what is nitroglycerin?

Answer 19

vasodilator that can relieve chest pain

Question 20

side effect of nitroglycerin

Answer 20

bad headaches

Question 21

hemoptysis

Answer 21

coughing up blood

Question 22

nocturia

Answer 22

peeing at night frequently

Question 23

unilateral edema

Answer 23

swelling on one side only

Question 24

when female patients experience edema, what must we ask them?

Answer 24

is swelling associated with menstrual cycle?

Question 25

intermittent claudication

Answer 25

leg pain while walking but not sitting

Question 26

arterial insufficiency

Answer 26

blood not getting to lower extremities

Question 27

what is semi fowlers position?

Answer 27

putting client at 45 degree angle

Question 28

bradychardia

Answer 28

less than 60 bpm

Question 29

tachycardia

Answer 29

more than 100 bpm

Question 30

hypoxia

Answer 30

decreased O2 in blood

Question 31

what is a doppler?

Answer 31

ultrasound device used to hear pulse

Question 32

when would you use a doppler?

Answer 32

when you cannot palpate pulse

Question 33

what is the order in which you should auscultate the heart?

Answer 33

aortic, pulmonic, erbs point, tricuspid, mitral

Question 34

petractions

Answer 34

chest sunken in

Question 35

where do you hear the apical pulse?

Answer 35

mitral valve

Question 36

what is splitting?

Answer 36

extra heart sounds, valves not closing at same time

Question 37

what is GERD

Answer 37

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 38

abdominal distension

Answer 38

makes you look pregnant - collection of abdominal fluid - hard to touch + shiny

Question 39

ascites

Answer 39

collection of abdominal fluid caused by liver not functioning properly

Question 40

two positions for abdominal assessment

Answer 40

- supine - dorsal recumbant

Question 41

what do you NEVER palpate?

Answer 41

a pulsating mass

Question 42

if there is pain with kidney palpationg what could that be?

Answer 42

UTI

Question 43

rebound tenderness

Answer 43

not painful when palpating but painful when you take your hand away

Question 44

when would peristaltic movement and aortic pulsations be visible?

Answer 44

when the patient is very thin

Question 45

borborygmi

Answer 45

sounds of peristalsis

Question 46

bruits

Answer 46

blowing sound caused by blood passing through narrow vessel

Question 47

how do you auscultate bruits?

Answer 47

bell

Question 48

stenosis

Answer 48

hardening of artery

Question 49

where should you listen for bruits?

Answer 49

femoral, iliac, kidney, and aortic arteries