NUR 326 exam 1a Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
beta lactam antibiotics
A
sulfabactam
clavulanic acid
tazobactam
avibactam
2
Q
beta lactam moa
A
prevents action of beta lactamase
allows antibiotic to do work
3
Q
beta lactam indication
A
given with other antibiotics that have a beta lactam ring
4
Q
penicillin general moa
A
inhibits cell wall synthesis and weakens cells wall
5
Q
penicillin general indication
A
growing and dividing bacteria
6
Q
penicillin se
A
urticaria
prurtis
angioedema
7
Q
penicillin nursing considerations
A
lots of drug interactions
8
Q
natural penicillins
A
PCN G
PCN V
9
Q
natural penicillins indications
A
least toxic
common for STIs
10
Q
penicillinase-resistant penicillins
A
nafcillin
11
Q
nafcillin moa
A
resistant to penicillinase
12
Q
nafcillin route
A
iv only
13
Q
aminopenicillins
A
amoxicillin
ampicillin
14
Q
aminopenicillin se
A
diarrhea
rash
15
Q
aminopenicillin nursing considerations
A
commonly combined with beta lactam
16
Q
extended spectrum penicillin
A
piperacillin
17
Q
piperaillin indications
A
pseudomonas infection
18
Q
piperacillin se
A
effects platelet and renal function
19
Q
piperacillin nursing considerations
A
always given with a beta lactam
20
Q
cephalosporins moa
A
inhibit cell wall synthesis through penicillin-binding protein
activates autolysis
21
Q
cephalosporins indications
A
increased ability to penetrate csf
22
Q
cephalosporins se
A
rash
gi upset
itching, redness, edema
23
Q
cephalosporins nursing considerations
A
avoid if patient is allergic to penicillins
poor oral absorption
24
Q
1st gen cephalosporin
A
cefazolin
cephalexin
25
cefazolin, cephalexin indication
staph and strep infections
26
cefazolin indication
iv only for surgical prophylaxis
27
2nd gen cephalosporins
cefuroxime
cefotetan
28
cefuroxime, cefotetan indication
aerobic bacteria
29
3rd gen cephalosporins
ceftriaxone
ceftazidime
cefotaxine
30
3rd gen ceph indication
potent for gram -
31
ceftiaxone
long acting
crosses bbb
not for liver failure patients
32
ceftazidime indication
pseudomonas
33
4th gen cephalosporins
cefapime
34
cefapime moa
broad spectrum
crosses bbb
35
ceftaroline indication
mrsa, mssa
vrsa, visa
complicated infections
36
5th gen cephalosporins
ceftaroline
37
carbapenems moa
cell wall inhibition
broadest spectrum
38
carbapenems indication
last resort
39
carbapenems se
seizures
40
carbapenems nursing considerations
iv infused over at least 60 min
41
imipenem, cliastin moa
very beta lactamase resistant
42
imipenem, cliastin indication
complicated infection
can penetrate bbb
43
cliastin purpose
stops breakdown of imipenem in kidneys
44
meropenem se
rash
diarrhea
45
glycopeptide antibiotic
vancomycin
46
vancomycin moa
DIRECT and immediate inhibition of cell wall
47
vancomycin indication
mrsa
pcn-resistant pseudomonas
48
vancomycin oral indication
cdiff
pseudomembranous colitis
49
vancomycin se
ototoxicity
thrombocytopenia
nephrotoxic
redman's syndrome
50
vancomycin nursing considerations
not for cns infection
peak and tough monitored
51
aminoglycosides moa
inhibit or alter protein (or dna) synthesis
52
aminoglycosides
gentamycin
amikacin
tobramycin
53
aminoglycosides se
nephrotoxic
ototoxic
54
gentamycin se
not given with paralytics
cns depression
cochlear damage
55
aminoglycosides nursing considerations
peak and trough monitoring
56
lincosamides
clindamycin
57
clindamycin moa
bactericidal or bacteriostatic depending on the concentration
58
clindamycin se
deadly pseudomembranous colitis
59
clindamycin nursing considerations
very toxic (monitor levels)
60
macrolides
erythromycin
azithromycin
61
macrolides indications
normal infections
legionnaires, listeria, mycoplasma pneumonia
62
macrolides se
intense gi distress
63
erythromycin indication
increase gastric motility in diabetic gastroparesis
64
erythromycin nursing considerations
not on empty stomach
65
azithromycin different from erythromycin
better coverage
good tissue penetration
less gi upset
66
azithromycin nursing consideration
take without food to increase absorption
67
tetracyclines
tetracycline
doxycycline
minocycline
68
tetracyclines indication
broad spectrum (rickettsia, chlamydia, Lyme disease, cholera)
69
doxycycline indication
STIs, acne
70
minocycline indication
meningitis
rheumatoid arthritis
71
tetracyclines se
tooth discoloration
enamel degradation
72
tetracyclines nursing considerations
not for pregnant or nursing moms
73
fluoroquinolone
ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin
74
fluoroquinolone Moa
interfere with dna gyrase and topoisomerase
75
ciprofloxacin indication
normal infection
anthrax
76
ciprofloxacin se
arthopathy
77
ciprofloxacin age range
18-60
78
levofloxacin indication
atypical respiratory infection
79
levofloxacin se
cns disorder
kidney failure
photosensitivity
prolonged qt interval
80
levofloxacin nursing consideration
100% bioavalibility po
81
sulfonamides
sulfamethoxale + trimethoprim
BACTRIM
82
bactrim moa
prevents synthesis of folic acid for dna synthesis
83
bactrim indications
uncomplicated utis
respiratory infection
samonella, shigellosis, hiv
84
bactrim se
"sulfa" allergies
photosensitivity
85
metronidazole class
antiprotozoal and antibacterial
86
metronidazole moa
inhibits dna synthesis
87
metronidazole indication
crohns disease
antibiotic associated diarrhea
88
metronidazole se
n/v
xerostomia
vaginal candidiasis
89
metronidazole nursing consideration
do NOT take with alcohol
90
antivirals
acyclovir
oseltamivir
ganciclovir
91
acyclovir moa
1. interfers with rna/dna
2. prevents viruses from entering cells
3. stimulates immune system to kill viruses
92
acyclovir indication
herpes (oral, genital, chickenpox)
reduces severity but does not cure
93
acyclovir se
gi upset
renal impairment
idiopathic thrombocytopenia
tissue necrosis if iv not patent
94
oseltamivir moa
inhibit neuraminidase to stop viral replication
95
oseltamivir indication
flu prophylaxis or within 48 hours of symptoms
elderly or immunocompromised
96
oseltamivir se
n/v
seizures
renal impairment
97
genciclovir moa
inhibits viral dna polymerases
stops virus from replicating
98
ganciclovir indication
cytomegalovirus (immunocompromised, controls but does not cure)
99
ganciclovir bbw
hematological toxicity
fertility impairment
fetal toxicity
carcinogenesis
100
dont give ganciclovir with...
imipenem (seizure potential)
101
antiretroviral therapy moa
1. block viral entry
2. inhibit NRTIs
**stop hiv from multiplying
102
ART cocktail
2 nucleoside meds with one from another class
103
goal of ART
decrease viral load to undetectable level
104
how we monitor hiv progression
cd4 count and viral load
105
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors se
peripheral neuropathy
pancreatitis
106
NRTIs bbw
lactic acid syndrome
107
pre exposure prophylaxis
use of meds if partner has hiv
108
