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Fundamentals of Nursing > Nursing Fundamentals Theory > Flashcards

Nursing Fundamentals Theory Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of Evidenced Based Care

A

Incorporates best scientific and clinical evidence for treating and managing a problem

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2
Q

Benefits of Evidenced Based Care

A

Reduces costs and improves quality and safety of patient experience and improves patient outcomes

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3
Q

Sources of Evidence Based Practice(EBP)

A

Text Books, articles for healthcare literature, peer reviewed journals , practice guidelines

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4
Q

How can application of evidence differ

A

Differ based on patients’ values, state of health, preferences, concerns, or
expectations

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5
Q

What is Performance Improvement(PI)

A

A formal approach for the analysis of health care–related processes

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6
Q

Where does PI begin

A

at staff level when identifying quality problems

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7
Q

Types of problems that may require performance improvement

A
  • Sentinel events
  • Active errors
  • Latent errors
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8
Q

PI + EBP=

A

Is the foundation for excellent patient care and

outcomes.

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9
Q

What is Critical Thinking

A

the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment

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10
Q

How is critical thinking obtained

A

u Is gained only through experience, commitment, and active curiosity towards
learning

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11
Q

What is Clinical Judgement

A

u Conclusion about a patient’s needs or health problems

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12
Q

What helps make a clinical judgement

A

a nurse’s experience and knowledge , and knowing the patient

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13
Q

What is reflection

A

Purposefully reviewing a situation or practice experience to describe, analyze and evaluate results.

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14
Q

Is reflection intuitive

A

No, It is purposefully visualizing a past situation and taking the time to honestly review everything you remember about it.

Another benefit is it improves ability to problem solve

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15
Q

3 Levels of critical thinking(BCC Thinks critically)

A

basic critical thinking, complex critical thinking, commitment

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16
Q

Basic Critical Thinking

A

beginning nursing students are task oriented and

trust that experts have the right answers for every problem

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17
Q

Complex Critical Thinking

A

thinkers begin to rely less on experts and trust their own decisions more.

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18
Q

Commitment

A

at this level one anticipate when to make choices without assistance from others and accept accountability for decisions made.

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19
Q

Nursing Process

A

Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

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20
Q

Types of Assessment

A

patient centered interview, periodic assessments, physical examination

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21
Q

Patient-Centered Interview

A

Conducted during a nursing history

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22
Q

Periodic Assessments

A

Conducted during ongoing contact with patients

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23
Q

Physical Examination

A

Conducted during a nursing history and at any time a

patient presents a symptom

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24
Q

Subjective Data

A

Patients’ verbal descriptions of their health problems -Includes patient feelings, perceptions, and self-reported symptoms

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25
Objective Data
Findings resulting from direct observation- physical testing, signs, and testing
26
Phases of the Interview
orientation & agenda setting, working phone, termination phase
27
Orientation and Setting and Agenda
- address person with surname, shake hands if appropriate - introduce self - give reason for interview/visit
28
Working Phase
Data collection . Involves Interview techniques. - Observation - Open-ended questions - Direct closed-ended questions - Leading questions - Back channeling - Probing - Interpret
29
Termination Phase
signals that the interview is ending and gives pt a last chance to share concerns and self-expression+ summarizes the interview
30
summary in more detail
final statement of what you and the patient agree the health state to be - should include positive health aspects and any health problems that have been identified, any plan for action, and explanation of the following physical exam
31
Parts to the nursing assessment?
not sure
32
Parts of a Nursing Diagnosis
Problem, etiology, defining characteristics/risk factors
33
Problem Focused Nursing Diagnosis Statement
Problem (x) related to the etiology(y) as evidenced by defining characteristics(z)
34
Example of a problem focused nursing diagnosis
Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to pain as evidenced by pursed-lip breathing, reports of pain during inhalation, use of accessory muscles to breathe
35
Risk Nursing Diagnosis Statement
Risk for x related to y
36
Example of a risk nursing diagnosis
Risk for Falls related to muscle weakness
37
What is a Health promotion Nursing Diagnosis
Health promotion diagnosis (also known as wellness diagnosis) is a clinical judgment about motivation and desire to increase well-being.
38
Health promotion Nursing Diagnosis Statement
Readiness for x as evidenced by
39
Example of a Health promotion Nursing Diagnosis Statement
Readiness for Enhanced Family Coping as evidenced by verbalization of desire for information that will enhancehealth choices
40
Planning Process
Plan out objectives and make SMART goals and set priorities
41
Priority Levels (want to no more)
High, intermediate, low
42
High Priority Levels
If untreated, result in harm to a patient or other
43
Intermediate Priority Levels
u Nonemergent and not life-threatening
44
Low Priority Levels
Not always directly related to a specific illness or prognosis but affect a patient's future well-being
45
Goal Types
Short Term and Long Term
46
Types of Interventions
Nurse, hcp, or other provider initiated
47
Types of Nursing Interventions
Direct , indirect care interventions
48
Direct Care Interventions
Treatments nurses provide through interactions with patients or a group of patients
49
Indirect Care Interventions
-Treatments performed away from a patient but on behalf of the patient or group of patients, documentation, and interprofessional collaboration
50
Standard Nursing Interventions
Allow nurses to act more quickly and appropriately. Help capture patient care information that can be shared across disciplines and care settings
51
Nurse and HCP Initiated Standard Interventions
Clinical practice guidelines and protocols ,Care bundles, Standing orders, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) ,interventions ,Standards of practice.
52
Clinical Practice Guidelines
A systematically developed set of statements about appropriate health care for specific health care problems or clinical situations
53
Care Bundles
Group of interventions related to a disease process or condition
54
Standing Orders
Preprinted document containing medical orders , Directs patient care in a specific clinical setting
55
Nursing interventions classification(NIC) interventions
Common interventions recommended for various nursing diagnoses
56
Standards of practice
Nurses use the ANA Standards of Professional Nursing Practice as evidence of the standard of care provided to patients
57
Quality and safety education for nurses (QSEN)
Standard competencies in knowledge, skills, and attitudes for the preparation of future nurses
58
What to have during implementations
time management, equip, personnel, environment, patient
59
What happens during a direct care intervention
counseling, teaching, controlling for adverse rxns, preventive interventions
60
What happens during a indirect care intervention
Communicating nursing interventions and Delegating, supervising, and evaluating the work of other staff members
61
Evaluation
Determines whether a patient’s condition or well-being improved after nursing interventions were delivered -Continuously examine results by gathering subjective and objective data from a patient, family, and health care team members
62
What is teaching
The concept of imparting knowledge through a series of directed activities.
63
What is learning
Acquiring new knowledge, skills, and/or attitudes that can be measured
64
Are nurses legally required for educating a patient
yes
65
Steps for the teaching process
- Identify a need for information - Establish learning objectives - The nurse (the sender) conveys information - The patient (the receiver) learns the information - Provide feedback - Evaluate the success of the teaching plan
66
Basic Learning Principles
motivation to learn, readiness to learn, ability to learn, good teaching environment, good resources for learning, health literacy
67
Examples of Nursing Diagnoses for Patient education
Lack of Knowledge (Affective, Cognitive, Psychomotor) Impaired Health Maintenance, Impaired Ability to Manage Dietary/Exercise Regime, Self-Care Deficit
68
Instructional Methods(Implementation)
``` 1-1 discussion group instruction prep instruction demonstrations analogies role playing simulation ```
69
Evaluation of education implementations
Have the patient’s learning needs been met? If not, revise the plan of care and offer additional instruction or reinforcement
70
Examples of patient education evaluation
teach back

Fundamentals of Nursing (2 decks)

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