Nursing Process: Asepsis and Infection Control #1 Flashcards
(55 cards)
It is the collective vegetation in a given area in one part of the body, yet produces infection if present in a different part of the body.
Resident Flora
E.g. Escherichia coli (E. coli) which is a normal inhabitant of the large intestine but a common infection in the urinary tract
Examples of common resident microorganisms in skin, nasal passages, and mouth
Skin - Staphylococcus Epidermidis, Staphylococcus Aureus, Propionibacterium Acnes, Corynebacterium Xerosis, Pityrosporum Ovale.
Nasal Passages - Staphylococcus Aureus, Staphylococcus Epidermis
Oropharynx/Mouth - Staphylococcus Pnuemonae, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Actinomyces, Staphylococcus Mutans.
Is the growth of microorganisms in body tissue where they are not usually found
Infection
What is the microorganism called in infection
Infectious Agent
A detectable alteration in normal tissue function is called
Disease
If the microorganism produces no clinical evidence of disease the infection is called
asymptomatic or subclinical
Common resident microorganisms in the Intestine
Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Eubacterium Lactobacillus, Streptococcus Enterobacteriaceae, Shigella, Escherichia coli.
Common resident microorganism in the Urethral Orifice
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Common resident microorganism in the Lower Urethra
Proteus
Common resident microorganism in the vagina
Lactobacillus, Bacteriodes, Clostridium, Candina Albicans
the ability of the
microorganism to produce
disease, the severity of the
diseases they produce and
their degree of
communicability
Virulence
the ability
to produce disease; thus, a
pathogen is a
microorganism that causes
disease
Pathogenicity
Communicable disease
a condition resulting from an
infectious agent that is
transmitted to an individual
by direct or indirect contact
or as an airborne infection
causes disease only in a
susceptible individual.
Opportunistic Pathogen
The freedom from
disease-causing
microorganisms.
ASEPSIS
To decrease the
possibility of transferring
microorganisms from one
place to another, an
aseptic technique is used
ASEPSIS
2 TYPES OF
ASEPSIS
Medical Asepsis
Surgical Asepsis or
Sterile Technique
includes all practices intended to
confine a specific microorganism
to a specific area, limiting the
number, growth, and
transmission of microorganisms.
Medical Asepsis
means the absence of almost all
microorganisms,
clean
means
likely to have microorganisms,
some of which may be capable
of causing infection
dirty
Refers to those practices
that keep an area or object
free of all microorganisms;
it includes practices that
destroy all microorganisms
and spores (microscopic
dormant structures formed
by some pathogens that are
very hardy and often survive
common cleaning
techniques).
Surgical Asepsis or
Sterile Technique
When is surgical asepsis used?
Used for all procedures involving the sterile areas of the body
Difference between Medical Asepsis and Surgical Asepsis
Medical Asepsis
- Reduces number of pathogens
- Referred to as clean technique
- Used in the administration of Medications, Enemas, Tube Feedings, Daily Hygiene
- Hand washing is number 1
Surgical Asepsis
- Eliminate all pathogens
- Referred to as sterile technique
- Used in Dressing changes, Catheterizations, Surgical Procedures
Occurs when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight an infection trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body
Sepsis
