nutrient digestion

Question 1

digestion

Answer 1

enzymatic conversion of complex dietary substances to a form that can be absorbed

Question 2

types of digestion

Answer 2

luminal and membrane

Question 3

What is luminal digestion mediated by

Answer 3

pancreatic enzymes secreted into duodenum

Question 4

what is membrane digestion mediated by

Answer 4

enzymes sitauted at the bruhs border of epithelial cells

Question 5

absorption

Answer 5

process by which absorbale products of digestion are transferred across apical and basolateral membranes of enterocytes

Question 6

what are enterocytes

Answer 6

absorptive cells of the intestinal epithelium

Question 7

name of overall process of digestion and absorption

Answer 7

assimilation

Question 8

what is the main energy source

Answer 8

starch

Question 9

what is starch stored as

Answer 9

carbohydrate

Question 10

what is starch composed of

Answer 10

amylase and amylopectin; polysacharides

Question 11

difference between poly and mono sachhardies

Answer 11

long chain of carbs composed of monos v simplest form of carbs

Question 12

what are monosacharides as chemicals

Answer 12

aldehydes/ ketones

Question 13

what are amylose and amylopectin broken down to

Answer 13

oligosaccharides

Question 14

what are oligos broken down to

Answer 14

monosachharides

Question 15

what are examples of monos

Answer 15

fructose and glucose

Question 16

what breaks the bonds in amylose

Answer 16

alpha amylose

Question 17

what breaks down oligosaccharides

Answer 17

oligosaccharidases

Question 18

how do monos get into the cell

Answer 18

via transporters

Question 19

how are proteins broken down

Answer 19

via enzymes in the lumen a little in th elumen then further at bruhs border into a fragment of a peptide

Question 20

what are peptides broken down into and where do they go

Answer 20

brooken down into amino acids and go straight into the blood

Question 21

what are exopeptidases

Answer 21

broken down into an amino acid starigth away

Question 22

what are endopeptidases

Answer 22

broken down into a fragment before amino acids

Question 23

how are glucose and galactose absorbed into mucosa of gi tract

Answer 23

via secondary active mediated by SGLT1

Question 24

how is fructose absorbed

Answer 24

via facilitated diffusion by glut5

Question 25

how do monosaccharides exit GI mucosa

Answer 25

via facilitated diffusion through GLUT5

Question 26

How are proteins brokoen down in the stomach

Answer 26

HCL denatures them and pepsin cleaves proteins into peptides

Question 27

what breaks down the peptides

Answer 27

trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, carboxypeptidase A and B

Question 28

how are fat soluble vitamins absorbed

Answer 28

via passive diffusion into enterocytes where they are incorporated into chylomicrons for release into lymphatics

Question 29

what are fat soluble vitamins

Answer 29

A,D,E,K