Nutrient Procurement (Plants & Animals)

Question 1

Refers to any substance required for the growth and maintenance of an organism.

Answer 1

Nutrient

Question 2

Organisms that obtain energy from sunlight and chemicals to produce their own food.

Answer 2

Autotrophs

Question 3

Organisms that cannot make their own food and obtain their energy from other organisms.

Answer 3

Heterotrophs

Question 4

Six major nutrients namely

Answer 4

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Vitamins
• Proteins
• Water
• Minerals

Question 5

Helps a plant by transporting
important nutrients.

Answer 5

Water

Question 6

Used to produce carbohydrates in a process called photosynthesis.

Answer 6

Carbon Dioxide

Question 7

Major constituent of organic plant material.

Answer 7

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 8

Cell wall synthesis; enzymatic reactions and metabolic pathways; mitotic activity for brown rot development.

Answer 8

Boron

Question 9

Structural component of the cell wall and cell membrane.

Answer 9

Calcium

Question 10

Water splitting system for photosystem II.

Answer 10

Chlorine

Question 11

Photosynthetic electron transport; cell wall metabolism and hormone signaling.

Answer 11

Copper

Question 12

Regulatory component of proteins and metabolites in roots and leaves.

Answer 12

Iron

Question 13

Chlorophyll synthesis

Answer 13

Magnesium

Question 14

Photo destruction of chlorophyll and chloroplast structure.

Answer 14

Manganese

Question 15

Enzyme activation

Answer 15

Molybdenum

Question 16

Endosperm development and dehydrogenase activity

Answer 16

Nickel

Question 17

General plant growth of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.

Answer 17

Nitrogen

Question 18

Energy transferring process for photosynthesis and respiration

Answer 18

Phosphorus

Question 19

Cell extension and stomatal regulation

Answer 19

Potassium

Question 20

Assimilation of oxidation-reduction reactions

Answer 20

Sulfur

Question 21

Enzymatic function and reactivity; stem elongation; protein and starch synthesis.

Answer 21

Zinc

Question 22

Refers to the continuous arrangement of protoplasts of a plant which are interconnected by plasmodesmata.

Answer 22

Symplast Route

Question 23

Refers to the nonprotoplasmic components of a plant,
including the cell wall and the
intracellular spaces.

Answer 23

Apoplast Route

Question 24

Are microscopic channels that
connect plant cells and some algae cells, allowing for
communication and transport between them.

Answer 24

Plasmodesmata

Question 25

Slender extensions of specialized epidermal cells that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption.

Answer 25

Root Hairs

Question 26

Localized swellings in roots of certain plants where bacterial cells exist symbiotically with the plant.

Answer 26

Root Nodules

Question 27

A symbiotic interaction between a young root and a fungus.

Answer 27

Mycorrhizae

Question 28

It is abundant in the atmosphere and soil, but plants are unable to use it because they do not have the necessary enzyme

Answer 28

Diatomic Nitrogen

Question 29

Are able to perform biological nitrogen fixation in which atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) is converted into the ammonia (NH3)

Answer 29

Soil Bacteria/Rhizobia

Question 30

Converting atmospheric nitrogen into compounds that plants and other organisms can use.

Answer 30

Nitrogen Fixation

Question 31

The long extensions of the fungus, called ______, help increase the surface area of the plant root system so that it can extend beyond the area of nutrient depletion

Answer 31

Hyphae

Question 32

Which acquire all or some of their nutrients from another host plant and are, therefore, entirely dependent upon it for their survival.

Answer 32

Parasitism

Question 33

It is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey.

Answer 33

Predation

Question 34

Acquire nutrients from dead matter, with the help of enzymes they convert complex organic compounds into simpler forms from which the plant can absorb nutrients.

Answer 34

Saprophytes

Question 35

Are energy-giving food

Answer 35

Carbohydrates

Question 36

Are triglycerides

Answer 36

Fats

Question 37

Concentrated sources of energy

Answer 37

Fats

Question 38

It is a mixture of different carbohydrates which primarily not digested like other nutrients but pass through the gut nearly unchanged.

Answer 38

Fiber

Question 39

Breastfeeding mothers need ______ to make breast milk

Answer 39

Protein

Question 40

Play a role as electrolytes

Answer 40

Minerals

Question 41

These are animals that live in or on their food source.

Answer 41

Substrate-Feeders

Question 42

These are aquatic animals that draw in water and strain small organisms and food particles present in the medium.

Answer 42

Filter-Feeders

Question 43

These are suck fluids containing nutrients from a living host

Answer 43

Fluid-Feeders

Question 44

Organisms that eat large chunks of food and have adaptations like jaws, teeth, tentacles, claws, pincers, etc. that help in securing the food and tearing it to pieces.

Answer 44

Bulk-Feeders