Nutrition

Question 1

Definition of digestion?

Answer 1

When the body breaks down food into simpler substances that can be used as nutrients or excreted as waste.

Question 2

What is peristalsis?

Answer 2

Involuntary muscle contractions that moves food throughout the digestive system.

Question 3

What is the esophagus?

Answer 3

It’s a tubular organ that connects the mouth to the stomach.

Question 4

What is the stomach?

Answer 4

Sac like organ which holds food so it can be digested by acids and enzymes.

Question 5

How long does food stay in the stomach after entering?

Answer 5

2-8 hours

Question 6

What organs are involved in digestion?

Answer 6

The mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anis

Question 7

Liver functions?

Answer 7

Filters toxins from the blood, produces bile.

Question 8

Largest internal organ?

Answer 8

Liver

Question 9

What does the bile produced by the liver break down?

Answer 9

Carbs, proteins, and fats

Question 10

What stores, holds, and releases the bile produced by the liver whenever the body needs it?

Answer 10

The gallbladder

Question 11

Definition of calories?

Answer 11

Energy stored within food that are used for processes of the body

Question 12

What are the building blocks of a diet?

Answer 12

Macronutrients

Question 13

What is required for optimal growth, development, and body function

Answer 13

Micronutrients

Question 14

What’s considered the major building block of the body?

Answer 14

Protein

Question 15

What is the chief enzyme and does what?

Answer 15

Breaks down protein

Question 16

What are some sources of protein?

Answer 16

Beans, soy, nuts, meats, eggs, and fish.

Question 17

What does the digestive system turn carbohydrates into?

Answer 17

Sugar

Question 18

What foods contain carbohydrates?

Answer 18

Vegetables, fruits, milk, nuts, grains, legumes, and seeds

Question 19

Carbs make how much of our daily diet?

Answer 19

45 - 65 %

Question 20

What is the glycemic index?

Answer 20

Carbohydrate-containing food’s ability to increase the body’s blood glucose level

Question 21

What essential nutrient helps absorb vitamins while providing a energy source?

Answer 21

Fats

Question 22

What types of fats should be avoided?

Answer 22

Trans and saturated fats

Question 23

Why should these fats be avoided?

Answer 23

The heart runs on the burning of fats, with bad fats or low-density lipoprotein (LDL’s) your heart doesn’t burn through fats like it should.

Question 24

Monounsaturated fats are what kind of fat?

Answer 24

Healthy fats! They are high-density lipoproteins (HDL’s).

Question 25

Where can you find monounsaturated fats?

Answer 25

Nuts, olives, olive oil, seeds, and avocados.

Question 26

What do HDL’s do?

Answer 26

Breaks down other unneeded cholesterol, this burning of the unneeded cholesterol is vital for the heart.

Question 27

What does cholesterol make?

Answer 27

Steroids

Question 28

What is a water-soluble vitamin?

Answer 28

A type of vitamin that is carried to the tissues of the body but are not stored in the body by fat.

Question 29

What is a fat-soluble vitamin?

Answer 29

A type of vitamin that is carried to the tissues of the body and are stored in the body (this occurs because they are absorbed by fats)

Question 30

What is warfarin

Answer 30

Medicine that thins blood to prevent blood clots

Question 31

Vitamin K can have a noticeable impact on what?

Answer 31

Blood clots

Question 32

How can omega-3 fatty acids increase heart health?

Answer 32

By reducing triglycerides and blood pressure

Question 33

What things should be avoided or limited in a renal diet?

Answer 33

Sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. Processed meats.

Question 34

What things should be promoted when on a heart-healthy diet?

Answer 34

Controlling portions, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat more whole grains, limit LDL’s, eat more low-fat protein sources, decrease sodium intake, increased fiber intake

Question 35

How much sodium should an adult take a day?

Answer 35

No more than 2,300 mg of sodium a day (can be less depending on the person)

Question 36

What does a clear-liquid diet consist of?

Answer 36

Consists of only liquids that are clear and offer little daily calories. Doesn’t leave residue in GI tract.

Question 37

What is included in a clear-liquid diet?

Answer 37

Foods that partly or completely melt at room temp, tea, fruit juices without pulp, sports drinks.

Question 38

What is a puréed diet?

Answer 38

A diet consisting of only foods that don’t need chewed. (Yogurt, pudding, mashed potatoes, etc)

Question 39

On top of being soft and easy to chew, a soft diet should also be low in what?

Answer 39

Low in fiber

Question 40

What is aspiration?

Answer 40

When food enters the lungs when inhaling

Question 41

What is dysphagia?

Answer 41

Difficulty swallowing