Nutrition

Question 1

Nursing Diagnosis: Imbalanced Nutrition, Less than body requirements

Answer 1

Intake of nutrients insufficient to meet metabolic needs

Question 2

Nursing Diagnosis: Overweight

Answer 2

Individual accumulates excessive fat for age and gender

Question 3

Carbohydrates: Simple sugars

Answer 3

Sugar
Syrup
Molasses
Honey
Fruit
Milk

Mono and Disaccharides

Question 4

Carbohydrates: Complex sugars

Answer 4

Bread
Cereal
Rice
Pasta
Potatoes
Legumes
Crackers
Flour products

Polysaccharides

Question 5

Complete proteins

Answer 5

Promote growth and maintain body tissues

Meat, fish, poultry, milk, cheese, and eggs

Question 6

Incomplete proteins

Answer 6

Do not maintain life, build tissue, or promote growth

Dried peas and beans, peanut butter, seeds, fruits and vegetables, bread, cereal, rice, and pasta

Question 7

Function of Fats

Answer 7

Cellular transport, insulation, protection of vital organs , energy storage, vitamin absorption, and transport of fat-soluble vitamins

Question 8

Vitamin A function

Answer 8

Vision
Epithelium
Skeletal and tooth development
Cellular proliferation

Question 9

Vitamin A deficiency

Answer 9

Night or total blindness
Epithelial changes
Follicular hyperkeratosis
Dryness of the eyes
Inadequate tooth and bone development

Question 10

Vitamin D functions

Answer 10

Intestinal and Renal absorption of calcium
Mobilization of calcium and phosphorus from bone

Question 11

Vitamin D deficiency

Answer 11

Rickets in children
Poor dental health
Tetany
Osteomalacia

Question 12

Vitamin K function

Answer 12

Blood coagulation

Question 13

Vitamin K deficiency

Answer 13

Possible hemorrhage
Hemorrhage disease of newborn

Question 14

(B1) Thiamine deficiency

Answer 14

Poor appetite, mental depression, fatigue, and constipation

Question 15

(B12) Cyanocobalamine deficiency

Answer 15

Leads to pernicious anemia

Question 16

(B12) Cyanocobalamine foods

Answer 16

Meats, fish, poultry, milk and eggs

Question 17

(B9) Folic Acid deficiency

Answer 17

Signs of glossitis
Diarrhea
Microcytic anemia
Birth defects

Question 18

(B9) Folic Acid Functions

Answer 18

Coenzyme in protein Metabolism and cell growth
Necessary for RBC formation

Question 19

(B9) Folic Acid foods

Answer 19

Dark leafy green vegetables, fruits, nuts, beans, peas, meat, eggs, seafood, and grains

Question 20

Vitamin C functions

Answer 20

Protects against infection
Adequate wound healing
Collagen formation
Iron absorption
Metabolism of several important amino acids

Question 21

Associated with Vitamin C deficiency

Answer 21

Scurvy

Question 22

Calcium functions

Answer 22

Coagulation (prothrombin to thrombin)
Nerve impulse transmission
Contraction/relaxation of muscles

Question 23

What vitamin interacts with coumadin?

Answer 23

Vitamin K

Question 24

Iron deficiency anemia caused by

Answer 24

blood loss, chronic disease, pregnancy and lactation, diarrhea, and other nutritional deficiencies

Question 25

Iron deficiency symptoms

Answer 25

Excessive fatigue Lethargy Poor resistance to infection

Question 26

Sodium restrictions for

Answer 26

pts with heart disease, HTN, edema, renal disorders, liver disease, or pregnancy-induced HTN

Question 27

Potassium restrictions for

Answer 27

pts with renal impairment or renal failure

Question 28

Chronic Iodine deficiency

Answer 28

can lead to endemic goiter, or enlarged thyroid

Question 29

Choose My Plate: Grains

Answer 29

5-8oz Wheat, rice, oats, cornmeal, barely, other cereal grain

Question 30

Choose My Plate: Vegetables

Answer 30

50% of plate portion

Question 31

Choose My Plate: Fruits

Answer 31

50% of plate portion

Question 32

Choose My Plate: Dairy

Answer 32

3 cups a day for people age 9 and older

Question 33

Choose My Plate: Protein

Answer 33

Fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids: salmon, trout, herring

Question 34

Full Liquid Diet

Answer 34

is ordered after surgery or after clear liquid diet has been tolerated, or for pts who cannot chew food adequately

Question 35

Soft Diet

Answer 35

reduced fiber content; for pts who have difficulty chewing or no teeth

Question 36

Renal Disease Diet

Answer 36

restrict Na, K, protein, and possibly fluids

Question 37

CHF Diet

Answer 37

restrict Na and calories

Question 38

CAD Diet

Answer 38

restrict Na, calories, and fats

Question 39

Burns Diet

Answer 39

increase calories, protein, vitamin C, and B complex vitamins

Question 40

Carbs are sparing

Answer 40

They spare protein

Question 41

Potassium-rich foods

Answer 41

Bread Cereal Fruits and vegetables

Question 42

NPO (nothing by mouth) uses

Answer 42

Promote GI tract healing Surgery or diagnostic procedures Prevent aspiration during surgery or in high-risk patients Intestinal motility Severe vomiting or diarrhea Bowel obstruction

Question 43

Stomatitis

Answer 43

Mouth lesions; may occur with chemotherapy

Question 44

Overweight

Answer 44

BMI 25-29.9

Question 45

Obesity

Answer 45

BMI 30+

Question 46

Underweight

Answer 46

BMI below 18.5

Question 47

24-hr Recall

Answer 47

Pt recalls and records the type, quality, and method of preparation of all foods eaten within 24hrs

Question 48

Gastric Residua Volume GRV

Answer 48

Pull back volume should be 400-500mL, unless signs of intolerance