Nutrition Flashcards
(39 cards)
What is human nutrition?
The science of food and how it affects our health
Why do we eat?
-Energy
-Growth
-Repair
What are the 5 main food groups?
- Carbs
- Fats
- Proteins
- Vitamins
5, minerals
What are the functions of water? (3)
- Used in chemical reactions in cells
- Help transport nutrients
- Help control body temp
Where can you find carbs?
Potatoes, bread and sugar
What elements are carbs made from?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What are simple carbs?
Crabs made out of one type of sugar
Name 2 simple carbs
Glucose (honey) , fructose (fruit)
What are carbs made of?
Small pieces of matter called subunits, these subunits are sugars. One subunit makes up simple carb eg. Fructose. Two subunits make up disaccharides, eg, sucrose. A long chain of them makes a complex carb.
Name a complex carbs and where to find it.
Starch ( rice, potatoes )
What elements are fats made of?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What do fats do? 5)
- Provide heat
- Provide protective layer for organs
- Form part of cell membranes
- Give energy
- Make skin waterproof
Name a solid and liquid fat.
Olive oil and butter
What elements are proteins made of?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen , Nitrogen
Name the things that make a protein in order.
Amino acids
Peptide
Protein
What do proteins do?
-Join with fats to make cell membranes
-form:
Hair, skin, feathers, nails
Muscle
Egg white, enzymes, antibodies hormones
Name 3 sources of protein:
Meat, fish, dairy
Why do we need vitamins?
To grow and protect from disease.
How much protein do we need?
Tiny amounts.
Vitamins can be —- soluble or ——- soluble (one example for each)
- Water (Vitamins B and C)
- Fat (Vitamins A, D)
Why do we need vitamin A? Where can we find it?
For good eyesight. It’s in carrots and whole milk.
Why do we need vitamin B? Where can we find it?
To control the release of energy from food. It’s in whole meal bread and red meat.
Why do we need vitamin C? Where can we find it?
To have healthy gums and skin. In broccoli and citrus fruit.
Why do we need vitamin D? Where can we find it?
Needed for healthy bones and teeth. It’s found in sunshine and egg yolks.
