Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

From Flashcardlet > Nutrition 2020- Exam 2 > Flashcards

Nutrition 2020- Exam 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Disadvantages of formula feeding?

A
  1. Costly
  2. Breast milk benefits cannot be duplicated
  3. Have to use warm water, cannot microwave it.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Advantages of formula feeding?

A
  1. Saves babies lives

2. Convenient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Risks associated with formula?

A
  1. Improper mixing
  2. Sanitation(water)
  3. Lead poisoning from water
  4. Cost
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When is a baby most susceptible to baby bottle tooth decay?

A

Between six months and 2 years. Teeth are in the mouth until around age 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes baby bottle tooth decay?

A

When sweetened liquids or milk are left on teeth for long periods. Bacteria feeds on these substances producing acids which can attack teeth for up to 20 minutes. Many attacks cause decay and if noticed it may be too late.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Importance of baby teeth?

A
  1. Proper nutrition
  2. Proper permanent tooth development
  3. Social aspects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Prevention of tooth decay?

A
  1. Don’t allow child to fall asleep with bottle
  2. After feeding wipe babies gums with gauze. Begin brushing when first tooth appears
  3. Avoid filling bottle with sugar and soft drinks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the recommendation for extent of breast feeding? ( world health organization)

A
  • exclusive breast feeding for 6 months with continued breast feeding until 1 year with foods being introduced at six months for iron purposes.
  • 2 years in third world countries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Recommendation from academy of nutrition and dietetics?

A

Exclusive breast feeding for 6 months with foods introduced at that point with continued breast feeding for optimal growth and development and protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is colostrum and when is it made?

A
  • made during end of pregnancy
  • yellowish substance very high in protein and low in fat
  • contains immunoglobulins(antibodies)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Baby benefits of breast feeding?

A
  1. Decrease chance of diarrhea or severity of it
  2. Lowers respiratory infection
  3. Reduced chance of ear infection
  4. Decreases chance of bacterial meningitis
  5. Decrease chance for urinary tract infection
  6. Decreases childhood obesity
  7. Easily digested, less spit up
  8. Bonding
  9. Possible enhancement of cognitive development
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mom benefits of breast feeding?

A
  1. Weight loss
  2. Decreased rheumatoid arthritis
  3. Increase oxytocin levels (quicker recovery)
  4. Lactational amenorrhea ( less blood loss over month after)
  5. Return to pre- prego weight ( from 2800 cal to 2300 cal)
  6. Improved bone remineralization
  7. Decreased risk for osteoporosis if getting enough calcium
  8. Economic benefits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the recommendation for proper hydration and elimination for new borns?

A
  1. 6 urinations a day
  2. 3-4 stools a day
  3. Don’t give infants water!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When is breast feeding not recommended?

A
  • galactosemia
  • phenylketonuria
  • HIV
  • Use of drugs
  • Tuberculosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Galactosemia?

A

The inability to break down galactose. It can accumulate and cause damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is PKU?

A

A lack of an enzyme that cannot breakdown an amino acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Newborn signs of hunger?

A

Rooting, activity, mouthing, increased alertness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How often do you nurse a newborn?

A

Every 2 hours usually 10-15 min long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If exercising keep the strain low to avoid lactic acid build up in the milk. It remains in milk roughly 90 min.

A

.

19
Q

How many calories should a mother increase when lactating?

A

+500 calories

20
Q

When is the best time to focus on calcium?

A

Before, during, and after lactation.

21
Q

Nutrition for a lactating mother: what about medications, herbs, foods?

A

.

22
Q

What are some solutions to baby colic?

A

Maternal diet.. Avoidance of dairy, wheat, eggs, fish etc.

probiotics in gi tract.

23
Q

Solutions to mastitis?

A
  • don’t let baby fall asleep on the nip
  • pump a little out after
  • continue to nurse regardless
24
Q

What are some causes of Postnatal Depression?

A
  • low B2
  • low folate
  • low omega 3
  • low Ca
  • low Mg
  • low Zn
25
Q

Time frame of infancy?

A

Birth to 1 year

26
Q

Advice on infant exercise?

A

Structured exercise programs should not take place. Moving limbs is all that is necessary.

27
Q

Most food allergens are protein based…most common food allergens in children and adults?

A

Child:
- eggs, fish, milk, peanuts,soy
Adult:
- fish, nuts, peanuts, shellfish, wheat

28
Q

What is the best way to introduce new foods?

A

Try a new one every couple of days so that if a reaction occurs then you know what food is causing it. First meal may only be a couple of spoons. That is plenty!

29
Q

What type of cereal should you feed infant?

A

Irony fortified rice cereal

30
Q

4-6 months: iron fortified rice cereal
About 6 months: juice
12 months: cow milk
Cut up larger foods!

A

.

31
Q

What are some signs of satiety? (Fullness)

A
  • draws head away
  • falls asleep
  • fusses or cries
  • pace slows
  • spitz food
    Hand over mouth
32
Q

What is the serving size for the first year?

A

1-2 tablespoons for a meal

1-2 meals a day

33
Q

What is the advice on force feeding?

A

A healthy child will know they need to eat. Recognize what is causing them to not eat whether it be over activity or what. Then you complete your meal with out child and clean up without saying anything to them. Don’t give attention!

34
Q

Teaching kids at a young age about healthy food will help them see the benefits of the not so good foods. Family education is the beginning!

A

.

35
Q

What are some potential risks for malnutrition?

A
  • poor appetite for long duration
  • limited variety
  • nutrient poor foods
36
Q

Iron is the #1 toxicity as well as deficiency for kids under 6. Make sure they are getting foods rich in iron. ( know sources)

A

.

37
Q

When should a multi vitamin and mineral supplement be taken by prego women?

A
  • poor diet
  • multiple fetuses
  • vegan
  • smoker
  • ## iron deficiency anemia
38
Q

Entering pregnancy at right weight is crucial for baby’s development regardless of what happens during pregnancy.

A

.

39
Q

Protein, energy, and CHO needs?

A
  1. Protein needs to increase
  2. Energy ranges from 210-570 kcal a day. +340 starting with second trimester, #452 starting with third trimester
  3. Carbs: 50-60% of total calories. At least 175 g/day for fetal brain needs.
40
Q

Where does the increased energy go to?

A
  1. Heart
  2. Respiration, breast tissue, muscle , placenta
  3. Fetus
    Each gets 1/3
41
Q

Recommendations for calcium and good sources?

A
  • 1000 mg/day for adults
  • 1300 during last part of pregnancy
    SOURCES:
  • oj
  • milk
  • soy
  • legumes: best plant
  • green leafies
42
Q

Deficiencies in calcium lead to greater absorption of lead

A

.

43
Q

Recommendation for folate?

A

600 mcg a day. If taken with b12 you will never get toxicity

44
Q

Recommendation for choline and sources?

A

450 mg/day
SOURCES:
- cooked beef, onions, legumes, egg yolks

45
Q

What nutrients should over supplementing be avoided?

A

Vitamin A and Vitamin D

46
Q

Herbs to avoid?

A
  • aloe Vera, ginkgo, ginseng, kava, licorice, pennyroyal, saw palmetto

From Flashcardlet (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions