Nutrition final

Question 1

Which of the following chemicals provide health benefits and give plant food their color, aroma, and flavor?

Answer 1

phytochemicals

Question 2

Which of the following nutrients do not supply energy?

Answer 2

vitamins

Question 3

The westernized diet is low in this nutrient. What is this?

Answer 3

magnesium

Question 4

How many total calories do you consume if you consume 5g of fat, 23g of carbs and 3g of protein?

Answer 4

149 calories

Question 5

Which of the following is a major organ of the digestive system?

Answer 5

esophagus

Question 6

Which of the smallest functional unit of living organisms?

Answer 6

cell

Question 7

What is an organ that produces digestive enzymes and releases bicarbonate?

Answer 7

pancreas

Question 8

Alcohol provides this amount of kcal per gram:

Answer 8

7 kcal/g

Question 9

This disaccharide known as table sugar is:

Answer 9

sucrose

Question 10

When blood glucose falls the pancreas secretes this into the bloodstream:

Answer 10

glucagon

Question 11

Triglycerides are composed of ___ and glycerol

Answer 11

3 fatty acids

Question 12

Which lipoprotein originates in the liver and transports mostly triglycerides to adipose tissue and muscle?

Answer 12

VLDL

Question 13

Inclusion of partially hydrogenated oils in foods increase this:

Answer 13

trans fat

Question 14

Which of these types of oil would remain solid at high temp? (highest concentration of saturated fat)

Answer 14

palm oil

Question 15

Where does a chylomicron originate?

Answer 15

small intestine

Question 16

Which compound in the body makes it possible for dietary fat to be digested in the aqueous environment of the small intestine?

Answer 16

bile acid

Question 17

What characteristic of a fat determines if it’s unsaturated?

Answer 17

if the fat has double bonds

Question 18

Which statement about incomplete protein is true?

Answer 18

it lacks one or more essential amino acids

Question 19

Jay spends about 2,000 cal per day on his avg. Cal intake per day is about 1,900. He eats in:

Answer 19

negative energy balance

Question 20

Which of the following groups is not at risk for vitamin D deficiency?

Answer 20

younger generation

Question 21

True of false? Fatty acid deficiency is widespread therefore supplementation is necessary.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

True or false? Overconsumption of sodium increases

Question 23

Which is not a component of bone and teeth?

Answer 23

chloride

Question 24

Glucose is stored as a polymer (glycogen) in primarily which cells or tissues of the body?

Answer 24

muscle and liver

Question 25

Which of the following is true about alcohol?

Answer 25

it is not a nutrient

Question 26

Energy-dense foods are foods with a high number of calories for their:

Answer 26

weight

Question 27

Leafy, green vegetables are low in energy density because they are high in ___ content

Answer 27

water

Question 28

Most fats first enter the ___ before reaching the bloodstream

Answer 28

lymphatic system

Question 29

Which organ of the GI tract absorbs water and some minerals?

Answer 29

large intestine

Question 30

What is the storage form of glucose?

Answer 30

glycogen

Question 31

A fasting glucose level ___ per 100 ml is ... for prediabetes

Answer 31

100-125

Question 32

Which statement about type 1 diabetes is true?

Answer 32

It's an autoimmune disease

Question 33

When blood forces out of coronary artery, a person experiences a:

Answer 33

heart attack

Question 34

Hydrochloric acid is produced by ___ and it ____

Answer 34

stomach, denatures

Question 35

___ are the proteins used by immune system that are critical for body defense against infection and viruses

Answer 35

antibodies

Question 36

what percentage of total calories a day should be consumed by carbohydrates?

Answer 36

45-65%

Question 37

removes glucose from blood for use by cells

Answer 37

insulin

Question 38

a coenzyme can best be defined as:

Answer 38

a compound that binds to a protein and is required for its function or activity

Question 39

which is not a water soluble vitamin?

Answer 39

vitamins E and K

Question 40

True or false? Vitamin A plays a role in vision health.

Answer 40

true

Question 41

true or false? vitamin K plays a role in bone growth and maintenence.

Answer 41

false, vitamin K helps form blood clots

Question 42

true or false? vitamin D must be hydroxylated in the liver and kidney to be biologically active

Answer 42

true

Question 43

True or false? Water-soluble vitamins present a relatively low level of toxicity.

Answer 43

true

Question 44

True or false? Pellagra is a deficiency symptom of niacin

Answer 44

true

Question 45

True or false? Hypothalamic acid deficiency is widespread therefore proper supplementation is necessary.

Answer 45

false

Question 46

Which vitamin is scurvy a major deficiency symptom of?

Answer 46

vitamin C

Question 47

Deficiency disease associated with B-vitamin thiamine is:

Answer 47

beriberi

Question 48

True or false? BMI can distinguish between excess fat and muscle and bone mass

Answer 48

false

Question 49

How many calories per gram of fat?

Answer 49

9

Question 50

How many calories per gram of carbs?

Answer 50

4

Question 51

How many calories per gram of protein?

Answer 51

4