nutrition, food tests and enzymes

Question 1

what is the active site

Answer 1

The part of an enzyme molecule which the substrate molecule fits into because they have complementary shapes.

Question 2

what is the shapes that fit into each other as in an enzyme and its substrate.

Answer 2

active site

Question 3

what is the complementary

Answer 3

Shapes that fit into each other as in an enzyme and its substrate.

Question 4

what is the shapes that fit into each other as in an enzyme and its substrate.

Answer 4

complementary

Question 5

what is the denatured

Answer 5

An irreversible change in the shape of an enzyme which means that it is no longer complementary to the substrate and cannot catalyse the reaction, (caused by high temperature or pH)

Question 6

what is the an irreversible change in the shape of an enzyme which means that it is no longer complementary to the substrate and cannot catalyse the reaction, (caused by high temperature or pH)

Answer 6

denatured

Question 7

what is the digestion

Answer 7

The breaking down of large complex insoluble food molecules into small simple soluble molecules by enzymes so that the molecules can be absorbed into the blood.

Question 8

what is the the breaking down of large complex insoluble food molecules into small simple soluble molecules by enzymes so that the molecules can be absorbed into the blood.

Answer 8

digestion

Question 9

what is the enzyme

Answer 9

A protein molecule that is a biological catalyst. Enzymes speed up the rate of reactions without being used up.

Question 10

what is the a protein molecule that is a biological catalyst. Enzymes speed up the rate of reactions without being used up.

Answer 10

enzyme

Question 11

what is the enzyme specification

Answer 11

The ability of an enzyme to catalyse only one type of substrate.

Question 12

what is the ileum

Answer 12

The longest part of the small intestine where digestion occurs, and small simple molecules are absorbed into the blood.

Question 12

what is the ability of an enzyme to catalyse only one type of substrate.

Answer 12

enzyme specification

Question 13

what is the longest part of the small intestine where digestion occurs, and small simple molecules are absorbed into the blood.

Answer 13

ileum

Question 14

what is the inhibitor

Answer 14

A molecule which fits into the active site of an enzyme and stops the normal substrate entering. This reduces the reaction rate of the enzyme.

Question 15

what is the molecule which fits into the active site of an enzyme and stops the normal substrate entering. This reduces the reaction rate of the enzyme.

Answer 15

inhibitor

Question 16

what is the model used to explain how an enzyme reacts with its substrate.

Answer 16

lock and key model

Question 16

what is the lock and key model

Answer 16

Model used to explain how an enzyme reacts with its substrate.

Question 17

what is the optimum

Answer 17

The valve of a factor which allows a reaction to happen at its fastest rate.

Question 18

what is the valve of a factor which allows a reaction to happen at its fastest rate.

Answer 18

optimum

Question 19

what is the substrate

Answer 19

A molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme.

Question 20

what is the molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme.

Answer 20

substrate

Question 21

what is the lacteal

Answer 21

The part of the villus that absorbs breakdown products of fat (glycerol and fatty acids) and returns them to the blood later.

Question 22

what is the part of the villus that absorbs breakdown products of fat (glycerol and fatty acids) and returns them to the blood later.

Answer 22

lacteal

Question 23

what is the absorption

Answer 23

The process in which small, soluble molecules are transferred from the gut to the blood system.

Question 24

what is the process in which small, soluble molecules are transferred from the gut to the blood system.

Answer 24

absorption

Question 25

why do we need food?

Answer 25

It is fuel, it gives us energy and heat (respiration) It provides materials for growth It enables us to repair and replace body tissues It helps us to keep healthy and flight disease

Question 26

Food test for Starch

Answer 26

Starch Test (Iodine)

Question 27

Food test for Sugar

Answer 27

Benedict Test

Question 28

Food Test for Protein

Answer 28

Biuret Test

Question 29

Food Test for Fats

Answer 29

Ethanol Test

Question 30

What elements do carbohydrates contain

Answer 30

Carbon, Hydrogen And Oxygen

Question 31

What elements do contain lipids

Answer 31

Carbon, Hydrogen And Oxygen

Question 32

What elements do contain protein

Answer 32

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and nitrogen

Question 33

What are Examples Simple Carbohydrates

Answer 33

Glucose Lactose Sucrose

Question 33

Why are simple carbohydrates describes as simple?

Answer 33

Made up of one basic sugar units

Question 34

what is glucose made of

Answer 34

a single unit sugar

Question 35

what is sucrose and lactose made of

Answer 35

two sugar molecules joined together

Question 36

Role of Glucose

Answer 36

Respiration

Question 37

Role of Sucrose

Answer 37

Transportation

Question 38

Role of Lactose

Answer 38

Broken into Glucose

Question 39

What is Glucose also called as?

Answer 39

Monosaccharide

Question 40

What is Sucrose also called as

Answer 40

Disaccharide

Question 41

Where is Lactose found

Answer 41

milk

Question 42

Use of Carbohydrates

Answer 42

They are Fast release energy stores, which means that they can quickly metabolize to release energy

Question 43

How to Perform Benedict Test

Answer 43

1) Grind your Food 2) Mix it with little water 3) Add Benedict Solution 4) Heat carefully in a water bath

Question 44

Colour Change for Benedict Test

Answer 44

Blue to Brick Red

Question 45

Give 4 Examples of Complex Carbohydrates

Answer 45

Starch Glycogen Cellulose Fibre

Question 46

What food is Starch Found

Answer 46

Cereal, Pasta, Rice

Question 47

What is starch used for?

Answer 47

Respiration

Question 48

Use of Cellulose

Answer 48

make cell wall

Question 49

Where can you find cellulose

Answer 49

Plants

Question 50

Use of Fibre

Answer 50

Prevent Constipation

Question 51

Where is glycogen stored in a human

Answer 51

1) Stored in Liver and Muscle

Question 52

What liquid is used to perform Starch test

Answer 52

Add iodine solution to food sample

Question 53

Colour change for starch test

Answer 53

Yellow brown- Blue Black

Question 54

What does Fat consist

Answer 54

One molecule of Glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids

Question 55

What are fats also called

Answer 55

Lipids

Question 56

Uses of fats

Answer 56

Prevents heat Loss provides Twice the energy of carbs

Question 57

Sources of fat

Answer 57

oil Red Meat

Question 58

What is Required for Emulsion Test

Answer 58

Ethanol

Question 59

How to perform emulsion Test

Answer 59

Shake the fat with ethanol and add equal amount of water

Question 60

Colour Changes for Emulsion Test

Answer 60

clear colourless- cloudy

Question 61

What are the bonding like in proteins?

Answer 61

Long chains of amino acids bonded together

Question 62

Functions of Proteins

Answer 62

Growth and cell repairs makes Enzymes, hormones and antibodies

Question 62

Sources of Protein

Answer 62

Meat eggs Milk

Question 63

What liquid is used to preform Biuret test

Answer 63

Add sodium hydroxide and then a few drops of copper sulphate and shake

Question 64

Colour Change of Biuret test

Answer 64

Blue to Purple

Question 65

How are there different types of Protein

Answer 65

There are 20 different types of amino acids, there are many different arrangements in which amino acids can be linked together

Question 66

What are enzymes?

Answer 66

Enzymes are proteins that function as biological catalysts

Question 67

What are catalysts?

Answer 67

A catalyst is a substance which increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed or used up

Question 68

what does cid = sam mean

Answer 68

controlled = same independent = alter dependent = measure

Question 69

what is the enzyme for proteins

Answer 69

protease

Question 70

what is the enzyme for lipids

Answer 70

lipase

Question 71

what is the enzyme for starch

Answer 71

amylase

Question 72

what is the enzyme for carbohydrate

Answer 72

carbohydrase