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Exam 1: DHHD 5001 > Nutrition (Gross) > Flashcards

Nutrition (Gross) Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Craniofacial complex

A
  • Cranium: Dentition, Oral Tissues, Bones of the Face

- Allows us to communicate

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2
Q

The ________ is the time during which the environment has the greatest impact on the developing embryo.

A

Critical Period

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3
Q

The degree of nourishment matters during fetal development for _____ and ______ of permanent teeth.

A
  • Pre-eruption

- Post-eruption

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4
Q

Primary tooth development beings at ______ gestation.

A

6 weeks

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5
Q 
Stages:
Initiation-\_\_\_\_\_\_ week
Bud-\_\_\_\_\_ week
Cap-\_\_\_\_\_ week
Bell-\_\_\_\_\_ week
Apposition: \_\_\_\_\_\_
Maturation: \_\_\_\_\_\_
Mineralization: \_\_\_\_\_\_ week
A
  • 6th-7th
  • 8th
  • 9th-10th
  • 11th-12th
  • Varies per tooth
  • Varies per tooth
  • 12th-16th
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6
Q

Primary teeth mineralization begins in early ______ trimester

A

Second

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7
Q

Crowns of primary teeth formed at ______.

A

Birth

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8
Q

Crowns of permanent teeth completely formed by _____.

A

Age 1

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9
Q

Nutritional concern for Ca2+, P, Mg, +D

A

Alveolar bone quality

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10
Q

Nutritional concern for Vita C

A

Collagen formation of soft tissue

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11
Q

Nutritional concern for malnutrition

A

Delayed tooth eruption

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12
Q

Nutritional concern for protein deficiency

A

Tooth size and eruption sequence

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13
Q

Presence or lack of ______ can make the difference between high-functioning salivary glands and deficient size function of salivary glands. Saliva plays a critical role in ________.

A
  • Nutrients

- Caries prevention

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14
Q

Presence or lack of _____ can make the difference between healthy periodontal tissues that are resistant to bacterial invasion and those that form periodontal pockets.

A

Nutrients

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15
Q

Macro nutrients

A
  • Protein
  • Carbohydrates
  • Fats
  • Water
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16
Q

Micro nutrients

A
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin K
  • Vitamin C
  • Vitamin B complex
  • Calcium and phosphorus
  • Iron
  • Zinc
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17
Q

Vitamin A function

A

Synthesizes epithelial tissues

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18
Q

Vitamain A Preeruptive

A
  • Assists in formation of salivary glands, enamel, and dentin
  • Deficiency may contribute to cleft lip and palate
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19
Q

Vitamin A Post eruptive

A

-Maintains epithelial tissues and keeps salivary glands working
• Maintains integrity of sulcular epithelium
• Deficiency may cause glands to atrophy and keratinize periodontal tissues

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20
Q

Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Vitamin A

A
  • Enamel hypoplasia is increased
  • Decreased epithelial tissue development
  • Tooth morphogenesis dysfunction
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21
Q

Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Vitamin A and Folic Acid

A

Cleft lip/palate

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22
Q

Vitamin D function

A

Enhances absorption of calcium and phosphorus

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23
Q

Vitamin D Pre eruptive

A
  • Aids with calcification of all hard tissues.

* Deficiency could cause enamel or dentin hyperplasia.

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24
Q

Vitamin D Post eruptive

A
  • Helps repair diseased bone
  • Supports immune function
  • Deficiency causes osteomalacia and loss of lamina dura
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25
Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Vitamin D
Enamel hypoplasia
26
Vitamin K purpose and effect
* Aids with blood clotting time. | * Deficiency could cause prolonged clotting time
27
Vitamin C purpose
• Helps with formation of collagen
28
Vitamin pre eruptive
* Helps with formation of bone and teeth and formation of all connective tissue. * Deficiency causes irregular formation of dentin.
29
Vitamin C Post eruptive
* Helps with formation of collagen, wound healing, and formation of connective tissue. * Deficiency causes enlarged, bluish-red tissues (scurvy)
30
Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Vitamin C
* Abnormal dentin | * Pulpal alterations
31
B-Complex Vitamins purpose
* Work as coenzymes that work together to maintain healthy oral tissues. * Supports healthy immune system.
32
Deficiency of B1
causes increase in tissue sensitivity, burning | tongue, and loss of taste.
33
Deficiency of B3
causes red, swollen tongue, painful eating, & swallowing
34
Deficiency of B2
causes inflamed tongue, angular chelosis, greasy, red, and scaly lesions around nose.
35
Deficiency of B12
causes bright, smooth, and burning tongue.
36
Deficiency of folacin
causes burning tongue, angular chelosis, gingivitis, and frequent oral lesions
37
Calcium and Phosphorus purpose
Calcify hard tissues
38
Calcium and Phosphorus Pre eruptive
* Mineralize enamel, cementum, and bone. | * Deficiency causes hypo calcification of enamel.
39
Calcium and Phosphorus Post eruptive
* Remineralize hard tissues and maintain bone. | * Deficiency causes bone loss
40
Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Calcium and Phosphorus
* Decreased mineral integrity of tooth | * Delayed tooth eruption
41
Fluoride purpose
• Critical growth period during age range of 6 months to 21⁄2 years when permanent teeth are developing
42
Fluoride Pre eruptive
• Incorporated into developing tooth to add strength
43
Fluoride Post eruptive
Continues to protect against dental caries
44
Too much fluoride pre eruptive
Dental fluorosis
45
Fluoride deficiency
calcified structures are weak, porous, and open for attack by acid destruction
46
Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Fluoride
Decreased tooth stability
47
Iron purpose
Synthesizes hemoglobin
48
Iron deficiency
``` -Glossitis • Dysphagia • Atrophied lingual papilla • Gray mucous membranes • Angular cheilitis ```
49
Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Iron
Salivary gland dysfunction
50
Zinc Purpose
Helps with wound healing
51
Zinc Deficiency
* Delay in wound healing | * Thickening of epithelium of tongue • Decrease in sensation of taste
52
Protein purpose
Repairs and maintains all tissues
53
Protein Pre eruptive
* Assists with formation of maxilla, mandibular, and periodontal tissues. * Deficiency causes crowded and rotated teeth.
54
Protein Post eruptive
* Repairs all tissues and forms antibodies. | * Deficiency slows tissue healing and causes degeneration of periodontal connective tissue
55
Effect of Maternal Nutritional Deficiency of Protein/Calorie Malnutrition
* Delayed tooth eruption *Decreased tooth size | * Decreased enamel solubility *Salivary gland dysfunction
56
High blood levels of _____ are associated with increased incidence of tooth caries
Lead
57
_____, by-product of nicotine, has a direct relationship with dental caries in children exposed to second-hand smoke.
Cotinine
58
______ causes permanent intrinsic tooth staining if ingested during tooth development
Tetracycline
59
High levels of naturally occurring _____ can cause unsightly dental fluorosis.
Fluoride
60
A _____ diet enhances proper growth and development when compared to a ____ diet.
- Firm | - Soft
61
Diet consistency has been shown to affect _____ on the mandible and maxilla, and proper tooth eruption in animals
Growth
62
Calories to meet nutrient needs of pregnancy
* +300 kcal daily * +10-15 g protein * ↑ fluids, Ca+2
63
Calories to meet nutrient needs of lactation
* +500 kcal daily * +15g protein * ↑ fluids, Ca+2
64
Supplement recommended for women of childbearing age
Folic acid (400 mcg)

Exam 1: DHHD 5001 (14 decks)

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