Nutrition ( Unit 1 ) Flashcards
(32 cards)
Name the three food groups
Foods for growth
Food for health
Food for energy
Name all the six nutrients
Protein
Fats
Carbohydrate
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
What are nutrients
They are food that contain important substances required for the normal functioning of the body
Name the two type of protein sources
Animal sources
Plant sources
Give four examples of each source
Animal - fish, meat, egg, milk
Plant - pulses, nuts, soya chunks, teokon
Give three reasons why protein is important
1) growth
2) repair of damaged body tissues
3) maintenance of body tissues
What happens if there is a lack of protein in the body
It will lead to a condition known as kwashiorkor
How can we identify if a child has got kwashiorkor
Swollen abdomen
Reddish discoloration of hair and skin
What happens if there is an excessive intake of protein
It can lead to weight gain over time
Give three sources of carbohydrate and two food examples from each
1) sugars - icing sugar, castor sugar
2) starches - cereals, bread
3) dietary fibers - nuts, peas )
What is the importance of having sugar and starch in the body
1) provide energy to the body
2) carry out daily physical and mental activities
What happens if there is a lack of sugar and starch in the body
1) feel weak and fainting may occur
2) feel hungry
3) inability to concentrate in your work
What happens if there is excessive sugar and starch in your body
1) dental caries and eventually tooth decay
2)an increased risk of diabetes
3) an increase in weight and in the long run
4) obesity may result
Why is the intake of dietary fiber important in the body
1) prevents constipation by making stools softer
2) helps lower blood cholesterol
3) provides a feeling of fullness of the stomach
4) helps control weight
5) reduces risk of colon cancer
What happens if there is a lack of dietary fiber in your body
1) constipation
2) haemorrhoids
3) a high risk of cardio vascular problems
4) an increased risk of cholesteral
5) an increased risk of colon cancer
6) wight gain
What happens if there is an excessive intake of dietary fiber in our body
1) may sometimes lead to flatulence
Name two type of fat sources and give two examples of each
Animal source - butter, lard
Plant source - cooking oils, margarine
Importance of fat
1) provide energy to the body
2) help keep the body warm
3) act as a shock absorbent to protect the vital organs of the body
What happens if there is a lack of fat in your body
It may lead to low body weight, poor memory, low concentration and a few skin problems
What happens if there is an excessive intake of fat in your body
The excessive fat is stored under the skin which can lead to obesity
Name three types of fat
Unsaturated fat
Saturated fat
Trans fat
Where is unsaturated fat present
It is present in soft and liquid foods that are at room temperature
Give some examples of unsaturated food
Margarine
Vegetable oil
Nuts
Oily fish
Where is saturated food present in
It is present in food that are solid at room temperature ( they mostly come from animal origin )
