Nutritional Science WGU Flashcards
1
Q
What policy changes were made to recommendations to prevent chronic diet related diseases?
A
RDAs were expanded into several DRI Categories
2
Q
RDA
A
Recommended Daily Allowances- a healthy diet has nutrients nearing this amount
3
Q
DRI
A
Dietary Reference Intakes
4
Q
Serving Size
A
Always found on a nutrition label
5
Q
AMDR (macronutrients
A
Carbs, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and H2O. Acceptable Macronutrient Daily Range
6
Q
Carbohydrates
A
45-65% of daily calories
7
Q
Protein
A
10-35% of daily calories
8
Q
Fat
A
20-35% of daily calories
9
Q
Tolerable Upper Intake Level
A
highest level of daily consumption that data shows cause no harm, ensures people don’t take too much
10
Q
How is the estimated average requirement used (EAR)?
A
Guides recommendations and menu planning for communities
11
Q
How much of the “My Plate” is fruits and Vegetables?
A
1/2 the plate
12
Q
What is the biggest nutritional benefit of fruits and veg?
A
Decreased risk of cancer
13
Q
What vitamin can not be found in fruits and veg?
A
B12
14
Q
How many servings of fruits and veg should you eat a day?
A
9
15
Q
True/false does skim milk have the same amount of Ca and Protein as full fat?
A
TRUE
16
Q
DRI for whole grains
A
1/2 of all grain consumed should be whole grains
17
Q
DRI for trans fat and sugar?
A
none
18
Q
DRI for protein?
A
60gm/day (0.8gm/kg)
19
Q
Which carbohydrate causes you to get hungry faster?
A
High glycemic index carbohydrates
20
Q
Foods that are high in iron?
A
Dark leafy vegetables, legumes, red meat, and nutes
21
Q
Healthy LDL level
A
<120
22
Q
Limit cholesterol to
A
<30
23
Q
Saturated fat
A
<7% of total daily calories
24
Q
Na level to decrease heart disease?
A
<1600mg/day
25
What type of fiber reduces the risk of heart disease?
insoluble fiber
26
Obese BMI
>30
27
Overweight BMI
>25
28
Morbid Obese BMI
>40
29
BMI formula
Weight in lbs/(heigh (in)^2...all x703
30
Underweight BMI
<20
31
Osteoporosis
weak bones, low BMI
32
Osteoarthritis
Ligament strain, high BMI
33
What is the genetic influence of body weight?
Parent predict children raised or not
34
How much weight loss helps cardiovascular health?
>10%
35
How much water helps with weight loss
48oz
36
Physical activity
30min/day
37
What is a legal supplement body builders take to increase muscle mass and nitrogen retention
Protein powder
38
Which statement is an appropriate nutritional recommendation when planning a balanced meal?
Spices or herbs are added to season food without adding salt.
39
Which recommendation is appropriate for a nurse to suggest to a client who wants to start cooking healthy on a budget?
Buy nonperishable food in bulk.
40
Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) value provides information to assist in developing recommendations for populations?
Estimated average requirement (EAR)
41
Which statement is appropriate about daily reference intakes (DRIs) for infants?
The recommended dietary allowance for protein has not been established for infants younger than 7 months.
42
When discussing a diet for weight loss, a patient asks if a snack with 240 calories, 120 calories from fat, is appropriate.
This snack would be considered too high in fat.
43
Based on a 2000-calorie diet, what is the recommended percent daily value for calcium for a healthy adolescent girl?
130% of daily value
44
A nurse is designing a diet to meet the nutritional needs of a client with a BMI of 31 kg/m 2, a history of hypertension, and a low albumin level.
Increasing the intake of protein-rich foods, Outlining the components of a weight loss diet plan, Incorporating the components of the DASH diet
45
Which menu items are appropriate for a patient with early chronic kidney disease?
Oatmeal, whole grain toast, blueberries, and coffee
46
Which food is appropriate for a patient on a low-sodium diet?
Hard-boiled egg
47
When assessing a 36-year-old dancer the nurse notes a body mass index of 16 kg/m 2. For which three conditions are the patient at increased risk
Infertility, Osteoporosis, Premature death
48
The occupational health nurse is starting a weight management program for employees. Several employees have stated goals for the class. Which employee goal is appropriate and realistic
I want to increase my energy level so I can have fun with my kids
49
Which two patients have effectively reduced their risk of complications associated with overweight or obesity after implementing a diet and exercise program?
A patient with initial weight: 180 pounds (81 kg); weight lost: 18 pounds (8.1 kg), A patient with initial weight: 439 pounds (199 kg); weight lost: 50 pounds (22 kg)
50
A nurse is evaluating a 12-year-old patient who has a body mass index (BMI) of 32 kg/m 2 and his family. Which two parental statements indicate a behavior linked to childhood obesity
"We give our child a cookie during stressful situations.""Our child is expected to study, limiting time for exercise."
51
A middle school nurse is developing a program to help students control or prevent obesity. Which two approaches will promote long-term student success?
Encourage students to critique media messages about food. Avoid using food as a reward for students’ accomplishments
52
A nurse is teaching a group of patients about methods to modify eating habits to promote weight management Which two patient statements indicate successful learning?
"When I want food, I ask myself, 'Am I hungry?'". "I have five small meals to sustain my energy level."
53
What is the smallest percentage of weight loss that has consistently shown to improve health and prevent weight-related health problems?
10%
54
Which fat should be avoided in a plan for healthy eating?
Trans fats
55
What is not a risk of malnutrition in adolescents?
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
56
A nurse evaluates a patient’s understanding about lifestyle modifications to control hypertension. Which statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further instruction?
"I will keep fat intake below 40%."
57
A nurse evaluates a patient’s understanding about lifestyle modifications to control hypertension. Which two statements from the patient would indicate the education was effective?
"I will walk briskly for 30 minutes most days. "I will decrease my daily sodium to 1,600 mg."
58
Why should physical activity be increased slowly for a sedentary patient
To decrease the stress on the patient’s heart and to help prevent failure with the activity
59
Which information should a nurse analyze to calculate a patient’s physical activity level (PAL) to help with weight management
Basal energy expenditure; total energy expenditure
60
How does fiber help protect against type 2 diabetes?
By delaying the absorption of glucose by the body
61
A nurse assesses a patient with prediabetes and finds that the patient has an elevated fasting blood glucose level. The nurse suggests that the patient begin a moderate exercise program. How will an exercise program affect the patient’s health?
It will decrease the risk of hyperglycemia.
62
A patient who is obese and newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is worried about the complications of diabetes. The nurse wants to suggest a long-term goal to help the patient minimize complications. Which long-term goal is an appropriate suggestion?
Reducing and maintaining body weight by at least 10%
63
A school nurse evaluates the understanding of a high school health class about exercise recommendations for a healthy lifestyle. Which student statement indicates a need for further instruction?
"My lifeguard job at the pool provides the activity that I need."
64
The parents of an overweight child ask the nurse for recommendations to help the child develop healthier eating habits. Which three dietary recommendations should the nurse make for this child?
Avoid watching tv while eating, reduce restaurant meals, and eat whole food snacks like fresh fruits.
65
An occupational health nurse tours a business after implementing a program to promote employee health. Which three positive outcomes demonstrate program success?
A desk worker uses a standing workstation, The vending machine contains nutritious snack options, bicycles in the rack in front of the building
66
What instruction should a nurse provide a mother asking to decrease the risk of dental cavities in a teething infant
Avoid sharing utensils with the infant
67
Which nutrient needs to be supplied in a bioavailable form for an individual on a vegetarian diet
Calcium
68
Which three strategies are appropriate for teaching an 18-year-old patient about nutrition
Present current recommendations and their rationales, Gear the nutritional counseling toward specific goals, Teach about making wise decisions when eating away from home.
69
What weight loss advice should a nurse give to a 12-year-old child who is overweight
Weight loss should be addressed by reducing calories and increasing exercise
70
Which statement is accurate about weight gain in a teenager?
Fast food intake among adolescents is one factor that causes poor nutrition and weight gain
71
Which three food choices would represent healthy snacking habits for an overweight teenager?
cheese cubes, unbuttered popcorn, carrot sticks-dip
72
A nurse is counseling a woman who is considering pregnancy. The patient asks about alcohol use during pregnancy. Which statement by the nurse about alcohol use is accurate
"Infants exposed to alcohol in utero may become cognitively impaired.
73
Which factors increase the risk of a woman delivering a preterm infant?
A body mass index of 30–35, dx w/ gestational diabetes, and tobacco use
74
What information should a nurse provide to a pregnant woman regarding nutritional needs during pregnancy
There is an increased need for protein.
75
The dietician is planning menus for older adult patients in a nursing home. What pattern of eating can be expected of this age group
Older adults tend to consume less fluid
76
Which two high fiber foods should a nurse suggest to an older adult patient?
Fresh fruit and oatmeal
77
According to the United States Households by Food Security Status, part of the population was classified as having reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet. Which food security status category does this classification fall under
Low food security
78
What does the Food Security Survey Module measure
Sufficiency of food
79
A nurse educator is lecturing first-semester students on hunger. Which statement from a student indicates that teaching was effective
Hunger is the uneasy or painful sensation caused by a lack of food
80
Which outcome measure is used to provide insight into the public’s ability to secure adequate food?
Household food security status
81
Which nutritional deficiency causes brain damage and intellectual impairment on a global scale
Iodine deficiency
82
Which is a contributing factor to global hunger?
Food waste
83
Which two federally funded entitlement programs are available in every U.S. community for those who meet income eligibility criteria?
Child Nutrition Programs, SNAP
84
What is a goal of providing meals in group settings to older adults?
To provide socialization opportunities
85
Which type of food, if consumed, can result in the transmission of campylobacter?
Undercooked poultry
86
A community news report indicates that undercooked ground beef contaminated with Escherichia coli (E. coli) was served to a large group of people at a local restaurant Which condition should the community health facilities prepare to treat?
Enteritis
87
Which action will decrease the risk of a foodborne illness from poultry
Cooking or freezing fresh poultry within 2 days of purchase
88
Which milk processing technique will allow milk to be stored at room temperature?
Ultrapasteurization
89
Which action should be taken to avoid a foodborne illness caused by chemical mycotoxins?
Discarding foods that have developed mold
90
A patient presents to the emergency room with symptoms progressing from nausea to oral paresthesia to respiratory distress. The nurse learns that the patient ate grouper fish four hours earlier. Which chemical toxin should be suspected as causing these symptoms
Ciguatoxin
91
Which information on a food label indicates that a food is 100% organic
"USDA organic seal"
92
A nurse reads a food label that indicates "made with organic wheat flour and sugar.
The food contains at least 70% certified organic content
93
Which dietary supplement is involved in coagulation and should be avoided while taking warfarin (Coumadin)
Vitamin K
94
Which two vitamins cannot be cleared by the body in high doses?
A & D
95
What is the first resource to consult when looking for sound information about dietary supplements
Your healthcare provider
96
What are the functions of protein as an ergogenic aid?
To enhance muscle mass and increase nitrogen retention
97
Which foods create a nutrient-dense breakfast
Oatmeal and blueberries
98
Which activity is appropriate for kindergarten students, aged 5 and 6, to develop healthy eating habits
Teach the students a song about the five food groups
99
A school nurse selects an activity to reinforce nutrition education given to fourth-grade students, aged 9 and 10. Which activity is appropriate for this age group
Have the students identify the food groups in a particular meal.
100
Which problem associated with food insecurity should a nurse monitor when evaluating the health status of a low-income family
Obesity in family members
101
Which two instructional methods are effective for creating a nutritional teaching plan for a group of recent immigrants who have limited English proficiency (LEP)?
Include familiar dietary habits & show pictures of food
102
A nurse notes that an older adult patient who has a limited income and who lives alone has a body mass index of 17 kg/m2. The patient states it is difficult to get to the store to buy groceries. Which nursing action would help improve the patient’s nutrition?
Arrange home meal deliveries by Meals on Wheels.
