nyfw Flashcards
(52 cards)
1
Q
define discrimination
A
occurs when someone is denied a job or job assignment for reasons that are revelant
2
Q
define prejudice
A
making judgments having negative attidues about a person from a diverse group
3
Q
explain graphic rating scale
A
- uses checklists or traits or charateristics to evaluate performance
- relatively quick & easy to use
- however issue of questionable reliability & validality
4
Q
explain behaviour anchared rating scale (bars)
A
- describe actual behaviours that exemplify various levels of performance achivent in a job
- more reliable & valid than graphic rating scales
- helpful in training people to master job skills
5
Q
explain multi-person comparisons
A
- formally compare one persons performance with that of one or others
- types of multi person comparisons
- ranting ordering
- paired comparisons
- foced distrubutions
6
Q
explain peer appraisal
A
- occurs when people who work regularly & directly with a job holder are invloved in appraisal
7
Q
explain 360 degree feedback
A
- occurs when superiors, subordinates, peers & even internal & external customers invloved in the appraisal of job holders performance
8
Q
explian upward appraisial
A
occurs when subordinates reporting to the jobholder are invloved in the aprasisal
9
Q
explian human capital
A
- is the economic value of people with job relevant abiilites knowledge ideas energies and commitments
10
Q
explain mentoring
A
- assigns earsly career employees as proteges to more senior ones
11
Q
explian modelling
A
- uses personal behaviour to demonstrates the performance expected of others
12
Q
explain recruitment
A
- set of activites designed to attract a qualified pool of job aplicants
13
Q
explain internal recruitment + example
A
- canididates are sought from within the organization ( posting in a work room or email employees
14
Q
explian external recruitment + example
A
candaites are sought from outsides the hiring organization (ad in a newspaper)
15
Q
explain effective communication
A
- intended meaning of sender = interpreted meaning of receiver
16
Q
effecient communication
A
- occurs at a minimum resources cost in terms of resources
17
Q
explain fiedlers contegiency model
A
- determined that good leadership depends on a good mix between leadership styles and situational demands
- believes leadership style
- task motivated leaders
- realtionship motivates leader
18
Q
explain hersey model
A
- leaders adjust their styles depending on the readiness of there followers to perrformance in a given situation
19
Q
define the six diffrent types of pwer
A
reward power, coercive power, legitamate power, person power, expert power, referent power, relationtional power
20
Q
reward power
A
- capable of offering something of value
21
Q
coercive power
A
- capable of delvering punishment on the holding positive outcomes
22
Q
legitimate power
A
- organizational position or status confers the right to control
23
Q
person power
A
- based on the unique personal quailites that a person brings to a leadership situation sources of personal power
24
Q
expert power
A
capacity to influence others because of ones knowledge and skills
25
referent power
capacity to influence others because they admire you and want to identify positivity
26
relational power
- the ability to function well as a team working towards a collective goal
27
define the communication process
- interpersonal process of sending and reciving symbols with messages attached to them
28
verbal communication
29
define communication barriers
failure to reconize non verbal signals
- examples: gestures, facial experssions & pody postures
- mixed messges (words and non verbal signals communication of diffrent things
- what is a way we communicate non verbally everyday
physical distractions
- include interruptions from telephone cals, drop in, visitors etc
- can interfere with the effectiveness of a communication attempt
- can be avioded/ minimized through propper planning
status effect
- when an organizations hiearchy of authority a barrier to effective communication
- filtering - internalization distortion of information to make it apperar favourable to the recipent
30
define nonverbal
31
ethical leadership
32
define physical distractions
33
Define status effects
34
define ethical
ethical leaderhsip adhers to moral standards meeting the rest of good rather than bad and right rather than wrong
35
describe decision making tools
36
define authority
37
define consulitave
38
define noise
semantic problems (how worlds are interpreted)
absence of feedback not having the oppurtunites to correct impressions
improper channels
physical distractions
cultural diffrences
39
describe what messages work best for written and spoken channels
- are complex to diffcult to convert
- attempt to create a supportive inspirational climate
40
explian social loafing
- the tendency of peop;e to aviod reposnsibility by free riding in groups
41
define formal
offically reconized and supported by the organization
42
define informal
unoffical and emerges from relationships shared intrest amoung others
43
majority rule
the idea with the most votes
44
minority rule
45
unanimity
everyone agrees
46
consensus
one method favoured by most and other memebers agree to respect
47
defiine cross-functional team
members come from diffrent functional units of an organization
48
define committee and example
peop;e outside their daily job assignments work together in a small team for a specfic purpose
49
define virtual team
people who work together and solve problems through largely computer mediated rathe than face to face interactions
50
define norms
-behaviour expected of team members
- rules or standards that guide behaviour may result in team sanctions
51
define synergy
the creationof a whole greater than the sum of its indviduals parts
52
list the 5 steps in the team life cycle
forming- initial orientation
storming- conflict over tasks and ways of working as a team
norming- consolidation around task and operating signals
performing- teamwork and focused task
adjourning - task accomplishment and eventual disagreement
