o'chem flashcards unit 3 pt 2

Question 1

functions of leukotrienes

Answer 1

asthamtic and allergic reaction

mediator of smooth muscle contraction

bronchconstriction and increase vascular permeability

Question 2

what is esterfication

Answer 2

reaction of an alcohol with an acid to produce ester and water

Question 3

what is the common functions of cholesterol

Answer 3

Fluidity of cellular membrane

precusor for steriod hormone and bile salts

Question 4

plamitic acid and palmitoleic acid both have 16 carbons. Which molecule would have a higher boiling point?

Answer 4

Plamitic acid

Question 5

What are the 3 classes of steriods

Answer 5

cholesterol

hormones

bile salts

Question 6

explain what is lipid bilayer is

Answer 6

A thin layer/membrane made up of two layers of lipids

made up of a polar head and a nonpolar tail

Question 7

Saturated molecules have?

Answer 7

no double bonds (Higher boiling point)

Question 8

draw the backbone of triaglycerol

Answer 8

3 fatty acids

Question 9

backbone of sphingophospholipid

Answer 9

hydrocarbon
fatty acid
phosphate+amino alcohol

Question 10

All phospholipids have?

Answer 10

polar head

non polar tail

Question 11

true or false

Lipids have no common functional group but most lipids are insoluble in water

Answer 11

true

Question 12

What does CIS bonds do to a molecule

Answer 12

reduces the melting point

Question 13

draw the backbone of glycerophospholipids

Answer 13

2 fatty acids
phosphate group + amino alcochol

Question 14

Name this fatty acid

Answer 14

Question 15

Name this fatty acid

Answer 15

Question 16

Name this fatty acid

Answer 16

Question 17

Unsaturated molecules

Answer 17

double bonds-lower MP and BP

Question 18

how many hydrocarbonds does steriod rings has?

Answer 18

4

Question 19

true or false

Bile salts are secreated into small intestine during digestion

Answer 19

true

Question 20

true or false

Hormones are effective at low concentration

Answer 20

true

Question 21

steriod hormones are derivatives from?

Answer 21

cholesterols

Question 22

Backbone of Sphingolipids

Answer 22

Hydrocarbon branch

fatty acids

phosphate+amino

Question 23

Answer 23

c

Question 24

Fats are more efficient form of energy than?

Answer 24

Carbohydrates

Question 25

# true or false steriods are cholesterol, bile salts and steriod hormones that contains hydrocarbons rings that are strongly hydrophobic

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Explain Active transport

Answer 26

Across concentrated gradient requires protein requires energy transporter acts as pump to drive solutes against the concentration gradient, Na+, K+, H+, Ca2+

Question 27

Explain Simple diffusion

Answer 27

Down a gradient No protein required No energy required o2(Oxygen), N2(Nitrogen) and co2(Carbon Dioxide), can pass through membranes freely.

Question 28

what is the hydrolysis of this moleclue

Answer 28

going to slit this molecule with 4h2

Question 29

the conversion of plant oil into margarine is called

Answer 29

hydrogenation

Question 30

basic hydrolysis of animal fats and some plant oil produces soap, this is called?

Answer 30

Saponification

Question 31

Functions of thromboxane

Answer 31

Blood clotting

Question 32

Functions of Prostaglandis

Answer 32

Constriction of blood vessels

Question 33

Two distingusing feature of leukotrienes

Answer 33

3 double bonds between hydroxyl groups No closed ring

Question 34

What is one distingusing features of prostaglandis

Answer 34

Cyclopentane Ring

Question 35

What are the 3 classes of eicosanoids

Answer 35

Prostaglandis Thromboxanes Leukotrienes

Question 36

List the 4 properties of triglycerides

Answer 36

1. Non polar neutral, insoluble in water 2. accumulates fat droplets in cytoplasm 3. solid at room temp-**saturated**-fats 4. liquid at room temp-**unsaturated**-oil

Question 37

The process of removal of double bonds to make single bonds

Answer 37

hydrgenation

Question 38

explain why fatty acid are not soluble in water

Answer 38

the tail is non polar

Question 39

list 3 things about lipids.

Answer 39

1. Insoluble in water 2. Soluble in organic solvents 3. Molecules that contain fatty acids or steriod nucleus

Question 40

What is one distinguising feature of thromboxane

Answer 40

c8-c12 form a six membered "cyclic ether" structure

Question 41

Simple Facilitated transport

Answer 41

1) down a concentration gradient 2) protein required 3) energy not required 4) protein transporters acts as a gate or channel for binding and transport of specific solutes

Question 42

Noticable features of Leukotrienes

Answer 42

No closed ring, three double bonds between hydroxyl groups

Question 43

Noticable features of Prostaglandis

Answer 43

ring closure at carbon 8 and 12

Question 44

What the noticeable feature of thromboxane

Answer 44

Ring closure cyclic acetal

Question 45

Structural features of Eicosanoids

Answer 45

oxygenated derivatives of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid

Question 46

3 Biological functions of Lipids

Answer 46

1. Storage of excess energy 2. Componets of cell membrane 3. Chemical messegers

Question 47

List 3 general functions of Eicosanoids

Answer 47

Regulation blood clotting production of pain and fever labor induced Wake sleep cycle

Question 48

Identify this Compound

Answer 48

Bile Salt

Question 49

Identify this compund

Answer 49

Prostaglandis

Question 50

Identify this compund

Answer 50

Leukotriene

Question 51

Identify this structure

Answer 51

Thromboxane

Question 52

To what group of complex lipids does this compound belong?

Answer 52

glycerophospholipid

Question 53

What type of messgenger is this

Answer 53

Aderengeric Messgenger

Question 54

What type of messgenger is this

Answer 54

Steriod messgenger

Question 55

What type of messgenger is this

Answer 55

Peptidergic