O2 Objectives

Question 1

1st symptom you may notice in hypoventilation

Answer 1

change in mental status

Question 2

2 prongs inserted into nostril

Does not interfere with eating or speaking

Easy home use

Disadvantages

Delivers up to 6 LPM

Answer 2

Nasal Cannula

Question 3

A diuretic is

Answer 3

substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine

Question 4

A series of tests to detect lung volume and capacity.

Answer 4

Pulmonary function studies

Question 5

ABG means and evaluates

Answer 5

Arterial Blood Gases

effectiveness of gas exchange.

Question 6

Accumulation of fluid and blood in the pleural space interferes with lung expansion, ventilation, and gas exchange.

Answer 6

Hemothorax

Question 7

Air in the pleural space creates positive pressure, causing lung collapse

Answer 7

pneumothorax

Question 8

Allows mask to deliver the most precise concentrations of O2

Answer 8

Venturi Mask

Question 9

Alveoli that have been overstretched, as with_______ , lose their elastic recoil over time. This loss of elasticity allows the lungs to ______ easily but inhibits deflation, leaving stale air trapped in the ________

Answer 9

emphysema
inflate
alveoli.

Question 10

Bronchodilators are contraindicated for

Answer 10

clients when stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system would be dangerous – cardiac disease, vascular disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, etc.

Question 11

Bronchoscopy
Need:
NPO for
Assess for: 
Remove:
NPO until:
NO

Answer 11

informed consent
6-8 hrs prior
allergies to iodine (in case of contrast) 
dentures
gag reflex returns

No smoking, talking or coughing for several hours

Question 12

Capnography measures and should be

Answer 12

co2 (expiratory / end tidal) 35-45

Question 13

Chest xray

better if person is

Answer 13

standing up

Question 14

Clients with ____________ become insensitive to CO2 and respond to hypoxia (low O2) levels to stimulate breathing

So . . . if __________ is given and the blood oxygen level is raised, the stimulus to breathe is _____________

Answer 14

COPD (emphysema)

excessive oxygen

removed

Question 15

collapse of alveoli

Answer 15

atelectasis

Question 16

Deep breathing and coughing is essential to prevent

Answer 16

pneumonia

Question 17

Delivers highest concentration of O2 via a mask to a client who is breathing on their own

Answer 17

Non-Rebreather Mask

Question 18

Diagnosis :inability to maintain a clear airway

Answer 18

Ineffective Airway Clearance

Question 19

Diagnosis :used to describe inadequate ventilation, such as hypoventilation, hyperventilation, tachypnea, or bradypnea.

Answer 19

Ineffective Breathing Pattern

Question 20

Diagnosis:appropriate diagnosis if the patient is ventilating adequately but diffusion of gases across the alveolar-capillary membrane is impaired.

Answer 20

Impaired Gas Exchange

Question 21

Diagnosis:describes a condition in which a patient, as a result of decreased energy reserves, is unable to maintain breathing adequate to support life.

Answer 21

Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation

Question 22

Diagnosis:should be used when there is a risk for secretions, solids, or fluids entering into tracheobronchial passages (e.g., for patients who have had head or neck surgery or who have a reduced level of consciousness).

Answer 22

Risk for Aspiration

Question 23

drug delivery device used to administer medication in the form of a mist inhaled into the lungs.

Answer 23

Nebulizers

Question 24

Face mask with reservoir bag

What does the bag do?

Flow rate:

O2 delivery

Answer 24

partial rebreather

collects first part of exhaled air - rebreathes expired air

8-11

40-70%

Question 25

function of the upper airways

Answer 25

movement of air

Question 26

Furosemide (Lasix)

Answer 26

Potassium wasting

Question 27

help make coughing more productive.

Answer 27

Expectorants

Question 28

Hemoglobin

Answer 28

M 13.8-18 g/dL F 12-16 g/dL

Question 29

Important to do after using corticosteroids orally

Answer 29

rinse mouth afterward

Question 30

is the term used to describe difficulty breathing when lying down

Answer 30

Orthopnea

Question 31

is the term used to describe difficulty breathing when lying down

Answer 31

Orthopnea - needing to sit up to breathe

Question 32

located in the lung and chest wall, are sensitive to breathing patterns, lung expansion, lung compliance, airway resistance, and respiratory irritants.

Answer 32

Lung receptors

Question 33

located in the medulla of the brainstem, the carotid arteries, and the aorta, detect changes in blood pH, O2, and CO2 levels and send messages back to the central respiratory center in the brainstem

Answer 33

Chemoreceptors,

Question 34

low oxygen level in blood

Answer 34

hypoxemia

Question 35

Major muscle of inspiration

Answer 35

diaphram

Question 36

Med that is Not for emergency use; concern about infection | Sore throat, coughing, dry mouth, fungal infections

Answer 36

Corticosteroids -beclomethasone

Question 37

Meds that Combat inflammation in the airways Broad: Specific: Side effect:

Answer 37

Corticosteroids beclomethasone can decrease s/s of infection, upset stomach, insomnia

Question 38

Meds that Relax the smooth muscles lining the airways. Can be administered as oral or inhaled medicines. Broad name: specific Med: Side effect:

Answer 38

Bronchodialators Beta-2 adrenergic agonists - albuterol irritability, tachycardia, excitability,GI upset, arrythmias, hypertension, sweating, pallor, flushing, bronchospasm

Question 39

Montelukast side effects

Answer 39

upper respiratory infection, fever, headache, sore throat, cough, stomach pain, diarrhea, earache or ear infection, flu, runny nose, and sinus infection.

Question 40

Mucus secretions Used to determine infection, presence of abnormal cells (cytology), acid-fast bacillus. To determine effectiveness of therapy Brought up from What else can you use to help get it up Get to lab within

Answer 40

sputum cultures lungs, bronchi and trachea. It is NOT saliva. IS 30 min

Question 41

occurs when a person breathes fast and deeply to move a large amount of air through the lungs, causing too much carbon dioxide to be removed by the alveoli.

Answer 41

Hyperventilation

Question 42

oxygen deficiency in body tissues

Answer 42

hypoxia

Question 43

Phrenic nerve, 4th cervical damage - person cant

Answer 43

live on their own

Question 44

Radiographic exam of thorax - visualizes respiratory and cardiac function Can reveal

Answer 44

Chest xray | abnormal fluid or air, collapsed lung, pneumonia, atelectasis, pneumothorax

Question 45

RBC count

Answer 45

M 4.5 - 5.3 F 4.1-5.1

Question 46

reduce the frequency of an involuntary, hacking, nonproductive cough.

Answer 46

Antitussives (cough suppressants)

Question 47

refers to the ease of lung inflation

Answer 47

Lung compliance

Question 48

refers to the tendency of the elastin fibers to return to their original position away from the chest wall after being stretched (think of stretching a rubber band, then letting go of it).

Answer 48

Lung elasticity (or elastic recoil)

Question 49

Relieve stuffy, blocked nasal passages by constricting local blood vessels through stimulation of alpha-1 adrenergic nerve receptors in the vessels.

Answer 49

Nasal Decongestants

Question 50

Room air is __% o2

Answer 50

21

Question 51

Simple face mask flow rate: | O2 delivery :

Answer 51

5-10 LPM | 35-50%

Question 52

spironolactone

Answer 52

Potassium sparing

Question 53

T/F codeine can be added to cough med to suppress cough

Answer 53

T

Question 54

Test that used to evaluate o2 use under stress (exercising )

Answer 54

Pulmonary function studies

Question 55

Typically used when flow rates are greater than 3 LPM OR if client complains of nasal dryness

Answer 55

Humidification

Question 56

used to prevent wheezing, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and coughing caused by asthma

Answer 56

Montelukast

Question 57

What are the normal breath sounds heard in the lungs?

Answer 57

vesicular bronchovesicular bronchial

Question 58

What is splinting used for

Answer 58

coughing, esp after surgery to promote cough

Question 59

What is the purpose of surfactant in the lung?

Answer 59

to reduce surface tension in the alveoli

Question 60

When using bronchodialator (albuterol) and corticosteroid (beclomethasone) - which first - why

Answer 60

albuterol - absorbed better