OB/GYN

Question 1

Asherman’s syndrome

Answer 1

Loss of basalis layer, intrauterine scarring, Intrauterine adhesions (generally after curettage)

Question 2

Leiomyoma (in uterus)

Answer 2

uterine fibroids (smooth muscle tumor), benign, not premalignant, hormone dependent, (pink sausages on histology)

Question 3

Adenomyosis

Answer 3

Endometrial tissue invades the muscular layer (glandular tissue in muscle)

Question 4

Risk factors for endometrial carcinoma

Answer 4

Excess estrogen (nulliparity, obesity….)

Question 5

Uterine serous carcinoma (papillary)

Answer 5

Really ugly uterine carcinoma, aggressive, distributes peritoneally, postmenopausal women (absent estrogen), p53, p16 mutations, BRCA. Psammoma bodies sometimes present.

Question 6

Endometrioid carcinoma

Answer 6

80-90% of cases, unopposed estrogen, 50-60 yr old peak, obesity related, low grade tumor, PTEN and Kras mutations, distributes via lymphatics