Obesity Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is obesity
The condition of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, to the extent that health is impaired
How is obesity defined through BMI?
Healthy = 18.5-24.9 Overweight = 25-29.9 Obesity I = 30-34.9 Obesity II = 35-39.9 Obesity III = 40+
Is obesity genetics?
There are both genetic and environmental factors:
identical twins do tend to show similar genetic profiles
- someone may be prone or resistent to obesity but this is driven and decided by environment
Describe the physiology of how genetics can affect obesity?
…
What can drive obesity ( stats shown in slides )
- Car use
- playgrounds + park
- Screen time
- education level
- educational achievement
- social deprivation
What comorbidities are linked with obesity?
- Depression
- sleep apnoea
- bowel cancer
- osteoarthritis
- stroke
- diabetes
- Hypertention
- peripheral vascular disease
- gout
- Myocardial infarction
- Cancer risk increases
Does BMI have association with mortatlity?
Yes
As obesity is a risk factor for many diseases
What is leptin deficiency?
Young obesity, will be born a normal weight but then overeat and feel hungry
How to assass and manage adult obesity?
Determine degree of overweight
Assess lifestyle, comorbidites and willingness to change
Lifestyle changes / drug treatment
Specialist assessment …
What drugs can we give for obesity?
- orlistat
it is derivative of an endogenous lipstatin produced by streptomyces toxytricini
It is a gastric and pancreatic lipase inhibitor
What are the side effects of orlistat?
Fatty/oily stool
Faecal urgency, oily spotting, faecal incontinence in some
What is bariatric surgery?
consider for BMI 40+ or 35-40 with other comobitidies or BMI of 30-35 for newly diagnsed T2
Need to have tried other methods, need long term follow up and be fit for surgery
What is a gastric bypass?
top part of stomach joined to intestine
What is a gastric band?
Bad around stomach to reduce capacity
What is a sleeve gastrectomy?
Some of the stomach is removed so you cannot eat as much and feel full sooner
