OBGYN Flashcards by Viviana Castaneda

s/s of breast cancer

-painless mass
-hard
-fixed
-upper outer quadrant

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diagnosis of breast cancer

-mammogram
-core biopsy

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treatment of breast cancer

-mastectomy
-radiation
-if estrogen positive: tamoxifen
-chemo

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s/s of fibrocystic breast changes

-pain and tenderness
-size fluctuations
-worse during menstrual cycle

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diagnosis of fibrocystic breast

-ultrasound

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treatment of fibrocystic breast

-reassurance

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s/s of fibroadenoma

-round, firm, mobile, nontender mass

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diagnosis of fibroadenoma

-US
-core biopsy

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treatment of fibroadenoma

-surgery if rapidly growing

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types of cervical dysplasia

-CIN1: lower 1/3 of epithelial lining
-CIN2: lower 2/3 of epithelial lining
-CIN3: over 2/3 of epithelial lining
-CIS: full thickness

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Abnormal pap smears

-ASCUS: undetermined significance
-ASCH: cannot exclude high grade lesion
-low grade: CIN1
-high grade: CIN2 and 3

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management of ASCUS

-repeat cytology
-test for high risk HPV
-colposcopy

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management of ASCH, LSIL, and HSIL

colposcopy

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management of CIN1

-2 paps every 6 months
-pap + HPV test every 6 months

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management of CIN 2 and 3

surgical therapy

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s/s of cervical cancer

-abnormal vaginal bleeding
-enlarged, irregular, firm cervix

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treatment of cervical cancer

radical hysterectomy

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benefits of oral contraceptives

-reduce ovarian and endometrial cancer risk
-lower risk of ectopic pregnancy
-improvement of dysmenorrhea

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side effects of oral contraceptives

-Venous thromboembolism
-stroke
-higher risk of cervical cancer
-higher risk of breast cancer

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benefits for progestin only pills compared to COC

safe for women who cant take estrogen

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cystocele

protrusion of bladder through vaginal wall

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rectocele

protrusion of rectum through vaginal wall

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s/s of pelvic organ prolapse

-vaginal fullness and pressure
-pelvic pain
-urinary or defecatory incontinence or incomplete

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treatment of pelvic organ prolapse

-pessary
-surgery

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diagnosis of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

-pelvic US -endometrial biopsy

gold standard for evaluation of pathology in uterine cavity

hysteroscopy

treatment of DUB

-hormone therapy -hysterectomy

s/s of endometriosis

-dysmenorrhea -dyspareunia -infertility

diagnosis of endometriosis

Laparoscopy with biopsy

MC symptom of endometrial hyperplasia

abnormal uterine bleeding

treatment of endometriosis

-NSAIDs -OCPs

MC type of endometrial cancer

adenocarcinoma

s/s of endometrial cancer

-abnormal bleeding -lower abdominal cramps and pain

diagnosis of endometrial cancer

biopsy

treatment of endometrial cancer

total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy

s/s of dysmenorrhea

lower abdominal cramps

treatment for dysmenorrhea

NSAIDs OCPs

menopause

going at least 12 months without a period

s/s of menopause

-irregular bleeding -mood swings -**hot flashes** -vaginal dryness -hair loss

treatment of menopause

hormone replacement therapy

etiology of PID

polymicrobial

s/s of PID

-**cervical motion tenderness** -lower abdominal pain

treatment for PID

rocephin, doxy, and flagyl

complete abortion

**complete expulsion** of all products of contraception **before 20 weeks**

incomplete abortion

**partial expulsion** of some but not all POC **before 20 weeks**

treatment of incomplete abortion

-D&C -prostaglandins

inevitable abortion

**no expulsion** of products, but **vaginal bleeding and dilation of the cervix** such that a viable pregnancy is unlikely

treatment of inevitable abortion

-prostaglandins -expectant management

missed abortion

**death** of the embryo or fetus **before 20** weeks with **complete retention of all POC**

treatment of missed abortion

-D&C -prostaglandins

threatened abortion

any **vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks** *without* dilation of the cervix or expulsion of any POC

treatment of threatened abortion

monitor closely

s/s of yeast infection

-itching -thick cottage cheese discharge

diagnosis of yeast infection

-KOH prep

treatment of yeast infection

fluconazole

s/s of BV

-fishy smell -milky discharge

diagnosis of BV

-saline prep -KOH prep

treatment of BV

flagyl

s/s of trich

-frothy, greenish, discharge -strawberry cervix

diagnosis of trich

saline prep

treatment of trich

flagyl

s/s of gonorrhea

-can be asymptomatic -mucopurulent discharge

treatment of gonorrhea

rocephin

s/s of chlamydia

-mucopurulent discharge -itching -dysuria

treatment of chlamydia

doxy

OBGYN Flashcards

(65 cards)