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Medic Test Prep > OBGYN > Flashcards

OBGYN Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

Ectopic Pregnancy

A

Fertilized egg implants outside the uterus

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2
Q

Ectopic Pregnancy Risk Factors

A 
Previous Ectopic 
Abdominal Scarring 
PID
Endometriosis 
Tubal ligation
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3
Q

Miscarriage

A

Loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks

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4
Q

Still born

A

Loss of pregnancy after 20 weeks

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5
Q

Miscarriages increase after age ____

A

35

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6
Q

Placenta Previa

A

Placenta sits low in the uterus blocking the cervix

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7
Q

Placenta Previa symptoms

A

Painless vaginal bleeding from 2nd trimester on

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8
Q

Placenta Previa risk factors

A 
>35 y/o
Smoking
Cocaine
Previous uterine surgeries
Multiple fetus'
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9
Q

Abruptio Placenta

A

Premature separation of the Placenta from the uterine wall

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10
Q

Abruptio Placenta symptoms

A

Sudden onset of severe pain described as a “contraction that doesn’t end”
Little to no vaginal bleeding

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11
Q

Abruptio Placenta risk factors

A

Trauma
Multiparity
Preeclampsia
Maternal Hypertension

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12
Q

Preeclampsia/Eclampsia symptoms

A 
Ussually diagnosed after week 20:
Hypertension
Abnormal weight gain
Edema
Headache
Protein in urine
Epigastric Pain
Visual disturbances

*Life threatening seizures in full Eclampsia (Toxemia). Usually in the third trimester

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13
Q

Pre-existing vs Maternal hypertension

A

> 140 systolic (or 20 systolic higher than normal)
before 20 weeks = preexisting
after 20 weeks = Maternal HTN

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14
Q

Gestational Diabetes

A

High blood sugar usually in the third trimester, caused by inappropriate insulin response due to pregnancy hormones.

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15
Q

Gestational Diabetes risk factors

A

Obesity
Family history of diabetes
Polycystic kidney disease
Increased maternal age

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16
Q

Nuchal Cord

A

Umbilical cord wrapped around babies neck during child birth,

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17
Q

Prolapsed Cord

A

Umbilical cord is pinched between the baby and pelvis

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18
Q

Prolapsed Cord risk factors

A 
High level of amniotic fluid
premature birth
low birth weight
multiple gestation
fetal presentation that is not typical
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19
Q

Footling presentation

A

One or both feet emerge from the vaginal opening

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20
Q

Single foot or arm presentations require ___________

A

Cesarean Section

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21
Q

Greatest risk of stillbirth

A

Preterm delivery

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22
Q

Uterine Atony

A

Failure of the uterine fibers to contract

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23
Q

Postpartum hemorrhage

A

Blood loss > 500cc

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24
Q

A fetus is viable after aprox _____________

A

24 weeks

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25
Gravidity
Number of times a woman has been pregnant
26
Parity
Number of times she has carried pregnancy to term
27
Anterior Cephalic
Ideal presentation, head down facing mothers spine
28
Posterior Cephalic
Presentation of head down facing away from mother's spine.
29
Back Labor
Back pain during delivery as result of Posterior Cephalic
30
Breech
Presentation of buttocks or two feet. (Deliverable in the field)
31
Major concern wit double footling presentation
Cervix is not dilated enough for the head to deliver
32
Shoulder dystocia
infants shoulder becomes trapped between symphasis pubis and the sacrum
33
Use _____ to release shoulder dystocia
McRoberts Maneuver
34
Inner wall of the uterus
Endometrium
35
Fertilization from a sperm usually occurs within the ________
Fallopian Tubes
36
Ovaries are a _______________ gland that produces hormones such as_______________.
Endocrine, Estrogen
37
The placenta begins to develop in the _________ week.
Third
38
The menstrual cycle repeats an average of every of___days
28
39
Egg is unfertilized, Hormone levels lower causing lining of the uterus to shed.
Days 1 - 5
40
Pituitary gland produces a hormone that stimulates the ovaries to develop follicles, each containing one egg. Lining of the uterus thickens.
Day 6 - 14
41
Hypothalamus and pituitary gland release a hormone causing the follicle to burst and release the egg.
Day 10 - 18 (Ovulation)
42
Ruptured follicle secrets progesterone continuing to thicken the lining of the uterus.
Day 16 - 28
43
Pregnancy changes in vitals.
Increased Resp Decreased BP Increased stroke volume and HR
44
Over the course of 9 months the maternal blood volume increases ___________
Up to 50%
45
A blood pressure of 140/90 in the third trimester is considered __________
Pre-eclamptic
46
Pregnant woman are hypercoagulable , which puts them at a higher risk for____________
Pulmonary Embolism
47
The body's increased sensitivities to toxins is responsible for_________________
Morning sickness
48
Hormones help soften __________________ to ease delivery.
Soft tissue and cartilage around certain joints like the pelvis.
49
Braxton-Hicks
Pre-labor contractions that begin in the second trimester
50
Cervix
Opening to the uterus
51
Crowning
Bulging of the vaginal opening caused by the baby's head
52
Effacement
Thinning of the cervix
53
Weight of the fetus puts pressure on the inferior vena cava causing ____________________________
Supine hypotensive syndrome
54
Period shortly after child birth
Postpartum
55
Starting in week 8, prenatal visits are every ___ weeks through week 28.
Every 4 weeks
56
Starting week 28 prenatal visits are every ___ weeks through week 36
Every 2 weeks
57
After week ____ prenatal visits become weekly.
week 36
58
Screening for genetic abnormalities happens in the ___________ trimester
2nd trimester
59
In the third trimester they will screen for ______________
Group B strep (Can cause sepsis in babies)
60
1st stage of labor
Starts as cervix begins to dilate, ending at full dilation.
61
2nd stage of labor
Starts as baby enters the birth canal ending with baby being born
62
3rd stage of labor
Begins after baby is born and ending with the delivery of the placenta.
63
1st stage of labor can last up to__________
20 hrs
64
2nd stage of labor can last up to __________
2 hrs
65
3rd stage of labor usually lasts ____ to _____
15 - 20 mins
66
Signs of imminent delivery
Crowning Contractions <2mins Rectal fullness Feeling of imminent delivery
67
Labor pains from contractions last between ______
30 secs to 1 minute
68
If the amniotic sac is intact as the baby crowns, you should ___________________
use a finger to pierce the sac
69
"pea soup-like" amniotic fluid indicates
Meconium staining and a stressed baby
70
Once the baby's face appears, the next step is to __________
Suction the mouth and nose with a bulb syringe.
71
When do you clamp the umbilical cord?
Once pulsations have stopped
72
Clamp cord _____inches from the body and ___inches between clamps.
Six inches, Two inches
73
Stimulate newborns by __________________
Rubbing vigorously or Tapping feet
74
Re-suction nose and mouth only if:
Baby is not breathing or in respiratory distress.
75
Perform APGR when?
One minute and five minutes after birth
76
Massage to slow vaginal bleeding
Fundal Massage
77
It is normal for the mother to bleed ____cc or ___ sanitary napkins after delivery.
250cc, 5 Sanitary napkins
78
Record the number of _____ used after delivery.
Pads
79
____ will stimulate the release of hormones causing the uterus to contract.
Nursing the infant
80
[A]PGAR
Appearance Blue, pale = 0 Body pink, limbs blue = 1 Completely pink = 2
81
A[P]GAR
Pulse Absent = 0 <100 = 1 >100 = 2
82
AP[G]AR
Grimace No response = 0 Grimaces = 1 Cries = 2
83
APG[A]R
Activity Limp = 0 Some flexion = 1 Active motion = 2
84
APGA[R]
Resperations Absent = 0 Slow irregular crying = 1 Strong Crying = 2
85
APGAR of _____ = Adequate function
7-10
86
APGAR of _____ = Moderate depression
4-6
87
APGAR of ______ = Begin resuscitation
<4
88
PSS (Neonatal Resuscitation)
Position (head down), Suction,Stimulate
89
Assist with respirations if newborn is not breathing effectively for __ to ___
10-15 secs
90
Use infant BVM with highflow O2 at a rate of __ - ___ breaths/min
40 to 60 breaths/min
91
If newborn pulse rate drops below ___ start compressions
60 Beats/min
92
Infant compression depth
1/2" to 3/4"
93
Epistomies (perineotomy)
Incision of the perineum to prevent ripping of the cervix

Medic Test Prep (4 decks)

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