Object Perception Flashcards
What is Agnosia?
failure to recognize objects even though you can see them
What were the characteristics of cells in IT (inferotemporal cortex) discovered in monkeys?
They were discovered to have receptive fields that could spread over half the monkey’s field of view.
What are the two main pathways for visual information from the occipital lobe?
“where” pathway and the “what” pathway.
What does the “where” pathway process and where does it go?
The “where” pathway processes information related to the location of objects in space and actions required to interact with them, and it goes up to the parietal lobe.
What does the “what” pathway process and where does it go?
The “what” pathway is responsible for explicit acts of object recognition, and it goes down to the temporal lobe.
What is the role of the “where” pathway in attention?
The “where” pathway plays a role in the deployment of attention.
What happens to receptive fields as we move into the temporal lobe?
Receptive fields become larger as we move into the temporal lobe.
What is the importance of the identity of the object in the “what” pathway?
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In the “what” pathway, the identity of the object becomes more important than its location.
What parts of the brain is the IT cortex closely connected to?
The IT cortex is closely connected to parts of the brain involved in memory formation, such as the hippocampus.
How do respective fields and simple features of the visual cortex change as one moves from the striate cortex to the IT cortex?
They become more complex as one moves from the striate cortex to the IT cortex.
What is a “grandmother cell”?
Any cell that seems to be selectively responsive to one specific object
What is the Extrastriate Body Area (EBA) responsible for?
Responsible for being activated by body structures other than the face.
What is the Parahippocampal Place Area (PPA) responsible for?
Responsible for cells that respond to places in the world like rooms with furnitue
What is the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) responsible for?
The Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) is responsible for recognizing visual written words.
What is a feedforward process?
A process that carries out a computation, such as object recognition, one neural step after another, without the need for feedback from a later to an earlier stage.
What is the reverse hierarchy theory?
The reverse hierarchy theory suggests that instead of processing information from small details to big picture, our brain processes information from the big picture to small details.
What do high-level visual areas do to obtain more details about objects?
High-level visual areas send signals back down to low-level visual areas to obtain more details about objects.
What is high-level vision?
High-level vision is the processing of complex scenes and the integration of information from multiple sources, including specific learned objects or patterns.
What is low-level vision?
Low-level vision is the processing of basic features such as edges, colors, sine waves, and textures in an image.
What is mid-level vision?
Mid-level vision involves the interpretation of basic features to identify meaningful objects or regions in an image, such as contours, group surfaces, figures, and borders. This includes tasks such as object recognition, motion detection, and depth estimation.
What is the structuralist theory of perception?
argues that perceptions are the sum of atoms in sensation, such as bits of color, orientation, and edges
What is the gestalt theory of perception?
The gestalt theory of perception argues that the perceptual whole is more than the sum of its sensory parts.
What are the gestalt grouping rules? (6)
similarity, proximity, good continuation, texture segmentation, parallelism vs. symmetry, and figure-ground assignment.
Gestalt Grouping: Similarity
Tendency of two features to group together will increase as the similarity between them increases
