Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NREMT® Paramedic > EMT-P (6) Special Populations > Obstetrical Emergencies > Flashcards

Obstetrical Emergencies Flashcards

Explore the Obstetrical patient and the prehospital emergencies that exist

1
Q

What are the Female Reproductive Organs?

A
  • Ovaries
  • Fallopian tubes
  • Vagina
  • Uterus
  • Mammary glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fill in the Blank

Each follicle contains an ____

A

Oocyte (egg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

A

Stimulates growth of the ovaries before it releases an egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Luteinizing Hormone?

A

Stimulates the process of ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fill in the Blank

The release of an egg is called a(n) ____

A

Ovum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the uterus and placenta produce at the end of pregnancy?

A

Prostaglandins

Signals the uterus to contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Fallopian Tubes?

A

Tubes that the ovum passes through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fill in the Blank

Muscular organ that lies between the urinary bladder and the rectum is called the ______

A

Uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pH inside the vaginal cavity?

A

Low

It helps to rid the cavity of invaders (sperm, bacteria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define

Episiotomy

A

Incision of the perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What week of pregnancy does the heart beat?

A

The third week after conception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What week does the Placenta begin to form?

A

The fourth week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the Placenta?

A
  • Respiratory gas exchange
  • Transport nutrients
  • Excretion of wastes
  • Transfer of heat
  • Hormone production
  • Formation of a barrier
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many veins and arteries are in the Umbilical Cord?

A

Two arteries

One Vein

REMEMBER: ___V___ ← The touches once and has two branches above it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the blood flow in the Umbilical vein?

A

Carries oxygenated blood from placenta to fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does the blood flow in Umbilical arteries?

A

Carries arteriovenous blood to the placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does a baby still in utero receive oxygen?

A

Placenta

Blood bypasses the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of Amniotic fluid?

A

Provides weightless environment

Approximately 1L of fluid in utero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What occurs during the 4th-8th week of embryonic development?

A

Development Phase: Major organs and body systems start to form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fill in the Blank

The normal Gestational Period is ____ weeks

A

38

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the benefit of measuring the fundus?

A

Length in centimeters corresponds to weeks in gestation

Example: 28cm = 28weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What hormone causes GI Tract relaxation/constipation in women during pregnancy?

A

Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define

Linea Nigra

A

Dark line of pigment down middle of stomach in pregnant patient

This line is normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How much does pregnancy increase Blood Volume?

A

40-50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Define

Gravid

A

Number of times pregnant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Define

Para

A

Number of live births

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How much do white blood cells increase during pregnancy?

A

300%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How does the anatomical position of the heart change during pregnancy?

A

Displaced upward and to the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
  1. How does Blood Pressure change during the 12th week of Pregnancy?
  2. What happens to BP after the 36th week?
A
  1. Decreases 5-10mmHg
  2. Increases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Define

Lithotomy Position

A

Laying supine with knees spread apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How does the diaphragm change anatomically during Pregnancy?

A

Moves up 1 - 1.5’’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Define

Postpartum

A

After Delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the function of the hormone Relaxin?

A

Relaxes tissue, joints, and ligaments to prepare for birth

RELAXES = RELAXIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Define

Primigravida

A

First Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Define

Primipara

A

One Delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Define

Multigravida

A

Two or more pregnancies

37
Q

Define

Multipara

A

Two or more deliveries

38
Q

Define

Nullipara

A

Never Delivered

39
Q

Signs/Symptoms

True Labor

A
  • Contractions regularly spaced
  • Interval between shortens
  • Intensity increases
  • Analgesics don’t help
  • Progressive dilation
40
Q

Signs/Symptoms

Imminent delivery

A
  • Multiple Pregnancies/Deliveries
  • Crowning
41
Q

Define

Supine Hypotensive Syndrome

A

Laying supine compresses the inferior vena cava and causes hypotension

Treatment: Left Lateral Positioning

42
Q

What is Pregnancy-induced Hypertension?

A

Develops after 20th week of gestation and patient is typically normotensive

43
Q

What is Preeclampsia

A
  • Peripheral Edema
  • Hypertension
  • Protienuria
44
Q

What is Eclampsia?

A

Seizure activity from hypertension

45
Q

What is considered hypertension in pregnancy?

A

Systolic 160-180, Diastolic 105

46
Q

Treatment

Obstetrical Seizures

A
  • Magnesium Sulfate
  • Consider Benzo’s (cross placental barrier)
  • Oxygen
47
Q

Name typical causes of Respiratory Disorders during pregnancy

A
  • Dyspnea due to physical changes
  • Asthma (occur during first pregnancy)
  • Pneumonia
48
Q

What is Hyperemesis Gravidarum?

A

Chronic nausea/vomiting during pregnancy

49
Q

Treatment

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

A
  1. 100% oxygen NRB
  2. Fluid bolus of 250ml
  3. Diphenhydramine 10-50mg IV/IM
  4. BGL
  5. Orthostatic Vitals
50
Q

How much does urine output increase during pregnancy?

A

25-50%

51
Q

Define

Rh Sensitization

A

Fetus is Rh+

Mom is Rh-

It can produce maternal antibody isoimmunization and the fetus can be attacked by Mom’s immune system

52
Q

How can HIV be contracted by the fetus if mother is HIV+?

A
  • Breastfeeding
  • During pregnancy
  • Delivery
53
Q

What is TORCH Syndrome?

A
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Other Agents
  • Rubella
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Herpes Simplex

Infections that can occur in the fetus due to agents passed by Mom

54
Q

What causes Toxoplasmosis in a fetus?

A

Parasites from contaminated food that mom ingested

55
Q

What is Rubella?

A

Viral Infection

Otherwise known as “German measles”

56
Q

What are complications of fetus contracting Cytomegalovirus?

A

Problems with lungs, blood, liver and nutrition

Apart of herpesvirus

57
Q

Define

Abortion

A

Expulsion of fetus <20 weeks

58
Q

Threatened Abortion

A

Abortion trying to take place characterized by bleeding

59
Q

Define

Imminent Abortion

A

Spontaneous abortion that can not be prevented

60
Q

Define

Incomplete Abortion

A

Some parts of fetus are left inside the mother

61
Q

Define

Complete Abortion

A

When all parts have been expelled

62
Q

What is Ectopic Pregnancy?

A

Fertilized ovum becomes implanted other than in the Uterus (typically fillopian tubes)

All females with abdominal pain should suspect ectopic pregnancy

63
Q

What is Abruptio Placenta?

A

Early separation of placenta from uterine wall

Hypertension is the most common cause

64
Q

Assessment

Abruptio Placenta

A
  • Vaginal bleeding
  • Bright red blood
  • Pain
65
Q

What is Placenta Previa?

A

Placenta is placed in the uterine canal and may try to exit before baby

66
Q

Assessment

Placenta Previa

A
  • Dark Blood
  • Painless Bleeding
  • Cullens/Grey Turner Sign
67
Q

Treatment

Placenta Previa

A
  • Left Lateral Recumbent
  • 100% oxygen NRB 15lpm
  • Fluids
  • Place loose trauma pads over vagina
68
Q

Define

First Stage of Labor

A

Onset of contractions and end when the cervix is fully dilated

69
Q

Define

Second Stage of Labor

A

Begins with crowning and ends with delivery of baby

70
Q

Define

Third Stage of Labor

A

Placenta is expelled from the uterus

71
Q

List the common Birthing positions

A
  • Standing Birth
  • Semi-Fowlers position
  • Kneeling Birth
  • Side Lying Position
72
Q

Describe how to assist with delivery of the placenta

A
  • Explain to bear down with following contractions
  • Place placenta in plastic bag
  • Examine for tears and apply pressure with pads
73
Q

Treatment

Postpartum Hemorrhage

A
  • Fundal massage
  • Pitocin
74
Q

What is Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Smooth muscle relaxer

75
Q

What is

Calcium Chloride/Gluconate

A

Increases contractility

Antidote for Magnesium Sulfate toxicity

76
Q

What is Terbutaline? What is it used for?

A
  • Tocolytic/Smooth muscle relaxer
  • Used for preterm labor in attempt to slow down labor
77
Q

Dose and Mechanism of Action

Oxytocin

A
  • Causes uterine contraction to shunt bleeding
  • 3-10 units IM
78
Q

Define

Preterm Labor

A

Labor between 20-37th week gestation

79
Q

Define

Post-Term Labor

A

Delivery after 42 weeks

80
Q

What is an Amniotic Fluid Embolism?

A

Amniotic fluid enters the woman’s pulmonary and circulatory system

81
Q

Define

Hydraminos

A

Too much amniotic fluid

82
Q

Define

Cephalopelvic Disproportion

A

Baby with large head

83
Q

What is Cephalon Presentation?

A

Baby is positioned Face First

84
Q

What is Breech Presentation?

(Describe management)

A

Butt First

Management:

  • Flex Knees (McRoberts Manuever)
  • Give gentle traction to deliver legs
  • Let legs hang for gravity to assist in delivery
  • Support body and head
85
Q

What is Shoulder Dystocia?

Describe management for delivery

A

Stuck shoulder

Management:

  • McRoberts maneuver
  • Apply suprapubic pressure
  • Corkscrew Maneuver
86
Q

Treatment

Nuchal Cord

A
  • Slip finger and remove cord over fetus head
  • Cut if too tight
87
Q

Treatment

Prolapsed Umbilical Cord

A
  • Push presenting part back into vagina until no longer presses on cord
  • Cover exposed portion of cord with dressings moistened in saline
88
Q

Pregnant Trauma

A

If trauma occurs and the mother is bleeding, blood will shunt from fetus and be used for the mother. When signs of shock present, fetal mortality is 70-80%.

Normal fetal heart rate is 120-180. If transported supine, elevate right hip 6 inches, if not recumbant position is necessary or elevate backboard underneath

EMT-P (6) Special Populations (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions