Occupational Health Flashcards
(42 cards)
Define occupational medicine
Clinical component of occupational health
It is concerned with the effects of work in health and the influence of pre existing health problems on the capacity to work
Occupational health
Promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental social wellbeing of all workers in all occupations by preventing departures from health, controlling risks and the adaptation of work to people and people to their jobs
OH core services
Prevention - ill health caused/ exacerbated by work
Timely intervention
Rehabilitation - help to stay in work and return to work
Health assessment for work
Promotion of health and wellbeing
Teaching and training - staff to support health and wellbeing
Fitness for work, work place safety and the prevention of occupational injuries and disease
Appropriate adjustments at work and to help people continue working
Policies to maintain a safe and healthy work place
Research into work related health issues
Advise on mental health and ill health retirement
OH team
Occupational physician GP OH nurse O Hygienist O psychologist Physio Ergonomists Engineers Safety practitioners Employee Employer Safety rep Lawyers
Role of OH
Help people get back into work if they have been unemployed or maintain their current job
Such as changing a full time role to a part time role
Physical works to sedentary
Advantages of working
Income Status - self esteem Purpose/ identity Social connectedness Security Work is good for health
Unemployment harm to health
Families without a working member more likely to suffer low income and poverty
Inc risk of psychiatric disorders in children 5-15 in those whose parents have never worked
Nature of working is changing
Becoming more sedentary not as physical Not long term jobs shorter contracted Flexible that long working hours Not manufacturers any more to a service industry Working to a master age
Define hazard
Substance agent or physical situation with potential for harm in terms of injury or ill health
Define risk
Is the likelihood of harm or an undesired event occurring - probability that the substance or agent will cause adverse effect under the conditions of use and or exposure and the possible extent of harm
Role of governments
Safety legislation
Enforced by HSE
H and S at work at 1974 breach can lead to criminal prosecution
OH services
No legal obligation for all employers to provide OHS but they must meet legislation
Professional bodies
- faculty of O medicine
- society of O medicine
Fit for work assessment.
Free in England and Wales part of NHS
Accept referrals after 4 weeks sickness absence
Referral from GP or employer
Aim to facilitate earlier return to work
Provides an OH assessment and general health and work advice to employers, employees and GP
Benefits of OH
Improve work place safety - identifying hazards and controlling risks Keep workforce fit for task Reduce sickness absence Rehabilitation and assisting RTW Improve workability - identifying work place adjustments to accommodate individuals Maximise productivity and profit Retain skilled workers in employment Comply with the law
Occupational disease
Disease caused by work or the environment
Work related disease
Disease initiated, hampered or easy to get by working
Why is there interest in identifying occupational disease
Because work related ill health costs money
Work place health and welfare systems exists to improve health, wellbeing and productivity of the work force
What can cause occupational disease
Physical
Chemical
Biological
Psychosocial factors in the workplace
Impact of illness at work
Increased risk to the individual
Increased risk to colleagues
Increased risk to the public
Damage to reputation
Most common work related illness
Musculoskeletal
Mental health
Respiratory condition.
Skin
Illness at work
Coincidental
Index cases
Exacerbated by work
Caused by work
Recognising work related ill health
History
Examination
Investigations
Occupational history
What you do for a living What do you actually do at work Tools do you use to work Have more than one job Any different kinds of work in the past Symptoms do you get at work Are they absent at home Don't ask for job name need to ask exact take cos can be different
Reporting systems for ill health
Voluntary
Statutory
Periodic
RIDDOR - reporting injuries, disease or dangerous occurs dead regulations