Oculomotor disorders

Question 1

Strabismus?

Answer 1

Misalignment of the visual axes

Question 2

Types of strabismus?

Answer 2

Paralytic (Non-comitant)

Non-paralytic (Comitant)

Question 3

Characteristics of Paralytic Strabismus?

Answer 3

Adult
Angle of deviation varies in different fields of gaze
Diplopia
No amblyopia
Muscle weakness identified

Question 4

Characteristics of comitant strabismus?

Answer 4

Early childhood
Angle of deviation remains constant in different fields of gaze
No diplopia
Amblyopia
No muscle weakness identified

Question 5

Tropia?

Answer 5

Visible deviation always

Question 6

ESOtropia?

Answer 6

Inward (“Crossed Eyes”)

Question 7

EXOtropia?

Answer 7

Outward (“Wall Eyes”)

Question 8

HYPERtropia?

Answer 8

Upward

Question 9

HYPOtropia?

Answer 9

Downward

Question 10

Phoria?

Answer 10

Aligned unless fusion is disrupted

Question 11

Movements of only one eye?

Answer 11

Duction

Question 12

ADduction?

Answer 12

Move in toward nose

Question 13

ABduction?

Answer 13

Move out toward ear

Question 14

SUPRAduction?

Answer 14

Elevation, move up

Question 15

INFRAduction?

Answer 15

Depression, move down

Question 16

Movement of both eyes?

Answer 16

Versions

Question 17

Dextroversion?

Answer 17

Right gaze

Question 18

Levoversion?

Answer 18

Left gaze

Question 19

Supraversion?

Answer 19

Up gaze

Question 20

Infraversion?

Answer 20

Down gaze

Question 21

Vergence?

Answer 21

Movement of both eyes in opposite directions

Question 22

Convergence?

Answer 22

Movement of both eyes toward nose (in)

Question 23

Divergence?

Answer 23

Movement of both eyes away from nose (out)

Question 24

Main use of divergence?

Answer 24

Not well developed except to return from converged position

Question 25

Intorsion?

Answer 25

Rotation of 12 o'clock position of the cornea toward the nose SO and SR

Question 26

Extorsion?

Answer 26

Rotation of 12 o'clock position of the cornea away from the nose IO and IR

Question 27

Nystagmus?

Answer 27

To and from oscillations of eyes

Question 28

Jerk Nystagmus?

Answer 28

Slow then fast recovery (neurologic)

Question 29

Pendular nystagmus?

Answer 29

Equal amplitude to and fro (poor vision)

Question 30

Diplopia?

Answer 30

Sees two images with both eyes open

Question 31

What does diplopia indicate? Causes?

Answer 31

Acquired weakness of EOM | Palsy of CN III, IV, VI

Question 32

Greatest deviation in a patient with diplopia is seen when?

Answer 32

Direction of action of weak muscle

Question 33

Horizontal diplopia?

Answer 33

Weak LR or MR

Question 34

Vertical diplopia?

Answer 34

Weak SO, IO, SR, IR