OG

Question 1

What is organic chemistry

Answer 1

the study of carbon containing compounds

Question 2

Name and explain the two main groups of organic chem

Answer 2

Alpaphatic
Those that contain straight or branched chains

Aromatic
Those that contain a benzene ring

Question 3

Functional group

Answer 3

A group of atoms on which the characteristic properties of a particular compound depends
eg alcohol OH

Question 4

Homogoulus series

Answer 4

A group of compounds that contain the same functiounal group,
have a general formula,
shows a graduation in physical properties,
As you go up a series the successive members differ by CH2

Question 5

Define IUPAC, how do you name compounds according to this term?

Answer 5

International union of pure and applied chemistry
1. Draw the full structural formula
2. Count the numbers of carbons in the longest carbon chain
3. Look for the functional group and add on the appropriatre ending
4. Look for any side chains
5. When naming the molecule, the main chain must be numbered in a way that the lowest possible number is on the side chain.

Question 6

What are the 3 types of alcohols? explain them and give examples of each.

Answer 6

Primary Alcohol
Have one carbon attached to carbon attached to the OH group e.g ethanol

Secondary Alcohol
Have two carbons attached to the carbon attached to the OH group e.g propan-2-ol

Tertiary Alcohol
Have three carbons attached to the carbon attached to the OH group
e.g 2-methly-propan-2-ol

Question 7

How are ALDEHYDES, KETONES, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS formed?
Whats a difference on how aldehydes, carboxylic acids and ketones are formed? give an example of a

Answer 7

by the oxidation of alcohols using acidified sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7)

Aldehydes and carboxylic acids are formed from the oxidation of primary alcohols,
wheras ketones are formed from the oxidation of secondary alcohols

Question 8

Is it possible to further oxidise a ketone?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

What are similarities between aldehydes and ketones?

Answer 9

They both contain a C=O group
They are both produced by oxidiseing alcohols
They both burn to produce CO2 and H2O, like all organic compounds

Question 10

What are differences between aldehydes and ketones?

Answer 10

It is not possible to further oxidise a Ketone further, while aldehydes can easily oxidise to corrresponding carboxylic acids.#

Aldehydes ARE good reducing agents ketones are NOT
E.g silver Mirror test (Aldehydes give a positive result and form the silver mirror)

Question 11

Give an example of an elimination reaction.

Answer 11

preparation of ethene (using Al2O3 as a dehydration agent)
Because a double bond is formed and a small molecule is removed.