1. Levers - most common, 3rd most common 2. Wheel-axes (form of lever) 3. Pulley - change direction

1. Inflammatory (RA) - immune attacks 2. OA - older 3. Traumatic - injury or lack of blood

Old Shit Flashcards by Jes Testa

Coronal plane axis

A/P - sidebend R and L around axis

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Sagittal plane axis

Transverse plane - F/E around axis

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Transverse plane axis

Superior/inferior axis - rotation around axis

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Axis is ________ to the plane

Perpendicular

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Kyphosis

Normal AP curve of the spine

Thoracic spine

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Scoliosis

Lateral curvature in coronal plane

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daVinci

center of gravity

anatomy in context of machines

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Galilei

Strength of bones

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Borelli

Mechanical framework, even heart

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3 Types of machines

Levers - most common, 3rd most common
Wheel-axes (form of lever)
Pulley - change direction

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Moment arm

Distance from center of joint to where muscle is attached

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Joint reaction force

Sum of separate movements

Stress to joint during movement

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Difference between internal and external forces?

Internal - move limb
External - OMT
Both types of forces can cause tissue deformation

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Wolff’s law

Bone increased where needed, reabsorbed where not needed

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SAID principle

(muscle will have)
Specific
Adaption
Imposed
Demands

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3 joint classifications and examples

Fibrous - sutures or joints
Cartilaginous - hyaline c, no cavity, epiphyseal plate
Synovial - diarthrosis, most common, fluid filled cavity

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Ginglymus joint

Hinge

-ex. elbow

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Sellar joint

Thumb

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Ball and socket

Ellipsoid (radioulnar)

Condylar (MC-phalangeal)

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Plane joint

Sliding

ex. triquetum-pisiform

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Hilton’s law

What is supplying is also supplying skin and muscles moving it

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3 forms of arthritis

Inflammatory (RA) - immune attacks
OA - older
Traumatic - injury or lack of blood

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Drinkin’ limits?

(NOT for medical students)

Men - 4/day (<7/week)

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What are the 5 P’s?

Partners
Prevention
Prego practices
Prevent STDs
Past hx of STDs

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If a patient is brought to the ER in the middle of an aortic dissection, with a low grade fever and you suspect they have HIV. Should you ask a sexual history right then?

I know you are tempted, but NO | Wait until they are stable.

3 ways to test scapula?

Shoulder shrug Retraction Protraction

Apley scratch test

Hand up and down back of the back to check ROM

Apprehension and sulcus sign are for testing what?

Glenohumoral instability

Cross arm/cross over test is for testing what?

AC joint pathology

Yergason test?

Bicipital tendon inflammation or instability

Speeds test is for what dx?

Bicipital tendonitis

Neer impingement tests for what?

Subarachnoid bursa or rotator cuff impingement

Lift off test is for which muscle?

Subscapularis

Empty can test is for which muscle?

Supraspinatous

Hawkins is for which dx?

Rotator cuff impingement

Scoliosis is named for what?

The convexity

The curve pattern of scoliosis is defined by what?

The vertebra that is most deviated and rotated from midline

Most common scoliosis curve is?

Right thoracic

What makes a patients scoliosis more likely to progress?

Females Cobb angle 20-29 Double thoracics Pts younger than 12

How does back brace benefit scoliosis pt?

Prevents progression | NOT correct

What does the Harrington rod do?

Corrects in the coronal plane only

Thumb sensory?

Index sensory?

Pinky sensory?

Tinel's test

At elbow, testing ulnar nerve

Tennis elbow is?

Lateral epicondylitis

Golfers elbow is?

Medial epicondylitis

Ligament associated with radial head subluxation?

Annular

Where do you get pain if you have a scaphoid fracture?

Snuffbox

OK sign for what?

Median n entrapment

Ulnar n sensory?

Pinky, 1/2 of rink and dorsal aspect of medial hand

Median n sensory?

1/2 of pinky and palmar aspect of hand and most of dorsal aspect of fingers

Radial n sensory?

Dorsal aspect of lateral hand

Where is the Tinels sign done?

At wrist, between hypothenar and thenar eminence

Carpal tunnel syndrome is which nerve?

Median | Tinel's sign

Phalens test

Median n entrapment | + sign is paresthesia

Allen test checks what?

Radial and ulnar a

Finkelstein's test

Tensosynovitis of thumb | aka Dequervains dz

Colle's fx

FOOSH

5 tests for central compartment of the hip?

``` Log roll Labral loading Labral distraction Scour Apprehension ```

3 tests for peripheral compartment of the hip?

Log roll, Ely's test, rectus femoris test

6 tests for lateral compartment of the hip?

Bursitis, straight leg, Obers, piriformis, trendelenberg, FABER

3 tests for iliopsoas

FABER, psoas, thomas test

2 Phases of gait?

Stance - foot in contact with ground | Swing - foot not in contact

Stride

Same foot to same foot | Avg - 14-16 inches

Average cadence

90-120 steps per minute

Requirements of gait

``` Stability in stance Foot clearance in swing Pre-position for initial contact Adequate step length E conservation ```

Test for MCL of the knee

Valgus

Test for LCL of the knee

Varus

Test for the ACL/PCL

Ant/post drawer Lachmans and reverse Lachmans Pivot shift Sag test

Ways to test patella?

Laxity and apprehension | Compression and glide

Test medial and lateral meniscus

Apley grind and McMurrays

Which meniscus has adequate blood supply to heal?

Lateral | *medial cannot, surgical to fix

Drawer test

Tests anterior talofibular ligament | **Always Tears First

Talar tilt

Supination evaluates calcaneofibular ligament

Eversion

Evaluates deltoid ligament

Thompson test

Absence of plantar flexion indicates Achilles tendon

Squeeze test

Pain indicates a high ankle sprain or syndesmosis injury

Cross leg test

Cross affected side onto opposite knee | Pain indicates high ankle sprain

Moses sign

Specific test for tibial v DVT

Homans sign

Pain is positive for DVT

Ability to dorsiflex ankle with knee flexed is for?

Gastrocnemius

Inability to dorsiflex ankle with knee flexed is?

Soleus

What 2 things does high ankle sprain involve?

Anterior inferior talofibular ligament and syndesmosis

Plantar fascitis

Improves throughout the day Worse in the morning Tender at the calcaneous

Morton neuroma

Walking on a marble

Turf toe

Presents as pain and bruising at base of great toe

Achilles tendonitis

Micro tears in tendon causing swelling and thickening

Medial ankle sprain

Deltoid ligament injury

Old Shit Flashcards

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