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HSC2200 > Older Adulthood > Flashcards

Older Adulthood Flashcards

1
Q

Theories of ageing fall into 2 categories. What are they

A

Cellular - errors arise in cells crating wear and tear

Programmed - predetermined lifespan

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2
Q

Another name for cellular theories on ageing

A

Damage theories

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3
Q

Cellular theories say that…

A

Biological ageing is about random date rather than programmed damge

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4
Q

Arguments for programmed theories of ageing

A

Life expectancy has increased but maximum life has not

Genes regulating cell division expressed differently in middle and older adulthood

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5
Q

Telomere hypothesis is about what fool

A

Telomere at end of chromosome shrinks with each replication

Once telomere is too short the cell can’t replicate and it dies (senescence)

Women have longer telomere than men

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6
Q

How does body composition change in older adulthood

A

Bone and muscle mass decreased

Gain fat due to hormonal

Being underweight more a danger than being overweight

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7
Q

What are the Changes to cardiovascular system in older adults

A

Left ventricular wall thickens

Arterial walls stiffen and lose elasticity

Muscle cells CK tract at slower rate

Oxygen consumption decreases

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8
Q

What are the Changes to respiratory system in older adults

A

Becomes less efficient

Decreased elasticity

Loss of alveolar surface leading to increased resp work rate

Alveolar membranes weaken and stretch

Gas exhcnahe surface decreases by 30%

Sats drop to 90

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9
Q

Key change in gastrointestinal system in older adukts

A

Decreased liver size and portal blood flow meaning decreased drug elimination rate

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10
Q

Key renal system changes in older adults

A

Decreased kidney mass

Decreased filtration rate

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11
Q

Most noticeable physical changes of older adult

A

Skin homie.

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12
Q

Cognitive changes in older adukthood

A

IQ remains constant

Fluid intelligence decreases

Crustalised intelligence increases

Lack of motivation may be reason for decreased problem solving skills

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13
Q

Cognitive changes in older adukthood

A

IQ remains constant

Fluid intelligence decreases

Crustalised intelligence increases

Lack of motivation may be reason for decreased problem solving skills

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14
Q

2 theories of successful ageing are

A

Activity theory
That people will find satisfaction by maintaining an active lifestyle

Disengagement theory
Involves mutually withdrawal of the against Individual from society

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15
Q

Memory decline in older adults can lead to the 3 d’s

Which are?

A

Depression
Deletion
Dementia

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16
Q

Most common psychiatric complaint of older adults is

A

Depression

17
Q

Why is depression often underdiagnosed in older adults

A

Symptoms mimic those of normal ageing

Sleep problems
Memory complaints
Lack of sex drive
Also mimics dementia

18
Q

Suicide rates in older adults spikes at what age

A

85+

19
Q

Sex at greatest risk of dementia

A

Females

20
Q

Causes of dementia

A

Loss of grey matter neurones in brain and cns

21
Q

Clinical features of dementia

A

Impaired cognitive functions
Unsociable
Altered mood
Disruptive

22
Q

Parkinson’s disease caused by

A

Lack of dopamine in basal ganglia

23
Q

Osteoperosis is more common in which gender and age

A

Female

55+

24
Q

Osteoperosis risk factors

A 
Gender
Smoking caffeine alcohol
Inactive 
Easting disorder
Diabetes
Kidney failure
Coelliac
25
Q

Leading cause of hospitalisation in older adults

A

Falls

26
Q

Leading causes of morbidity and mortality in older adults

A

CVD
Cancer
Dementia

27
Q

Most common type of cancer in older adults

A

Lung

28
Q

Types of cvd

A

Coronary heart disease
Cerebrovascular disease
Peripheral artery

29
Q

Populations at freshers risk of cvd

A

Indigenous
Remote
Low ses

30
Q

What kills more Australians than any other disease

A

Ischaemic heart disease CHD

More common in men

31
Q

What is atherosclerosis

A

Thinning of artery through plaque buildup

32
Q

Risk factors for hypertension

A 
Ageing
Genetics
Diet
Activity
Obesity
Salt sensitivity
Alcohol
33
Q

Most common cancers in older adult

A

Colorectal
Lung
Prostate

34
Q

Most common cancers in middle adulthood

A

Breast
Prostate
Colorectal

35
Q

Cancer trends

A

Incidence increased

Mortality decreased

36
Q

High seas is a risk factors for which cancers

A

Breast

colon

37
Q

Low ses is a risk factor for which cancers

A

Lung
Stomach
Oropharyngeal
Oesophageal

38
Q

Females or males more likely to get arthritis

A

Femalesssss

39
Q

Osteoarthritis signs

A

Hard bony swelling
Inflammation
Restricted movement
Joint deformity

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