Oncology Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the common symptoms of ALL?
Anemia, bleeding, petechiae, bruising, fever, lethargy, anorexia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia in children.
What is the most common type of leukemia in children?
ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia)
ALL is characterized by the overproduction of immature lymphocytes.
What diagnostic tests are used for ALL?
ANC count & WBC count, LP positioning, bone marrow biopsy
These tests help determine the presence and extent of leukemia.
What is the primary treatment for neuroblastoma?
Surgery, chemotherapy
Neuroblastoma often presents as an abdominal mass and is most common in children aged 1-2 years.
What is a characteristic feature of nephroblastoma?
Abdominal mass that does NOT cross midline (unless bilateral)
Nephroblastoma, also known as Wilms’ tumor, typically presents in children.
What are the symptoms associated with nephroblastoma?
Hypertension, weight loss, anemia, hematuria
These symptoms are important for diagnosis and management.
What is the treatment approach for retinoblastoma?
Radiation, chemotherapy, cryotherapy, enucleation surgery
Retinoblastoma is characterized by a whitish glow in the pupil, known as ‘cats eye’.
What is the hallmark symptom of osteosarcoma?
Pain that worsens over time, swelling, redness at tumor site
Osteosarcoma commonly occurs in long bones near the shoulder and knee.
What does the X-ray of osteosarcoma typically show?
Sunburst pattern
This pattern is indicative of aggressive bone lesions.
What is a primary treatment for Ewing sarcoma?
Chemotherapy
Ewing sarcoma is very aggressive and may also require radiation and surgery.
What are the phases of chemotherapy in pediatric cancer treatment?
Induction, Intensification, Maintenance
Each phase serves a specific purpose in treatment and management of cancer.
What are common side effects of chemotherapy?
Nausea/vomiting, hair loss, stomatitis
These side effects can significantly impact the quality of life of pediatric patients.
What should be monitored in pediatric cancer care?
Pain management, procedures, central line care, isolation
Care considerations are crucial for patient safety and comfort.
What is a common reaction of parents to a terminal diagnosis in children?
Shock
Parental reactions can be understood through Kubler-Ross stages of grief.
What influences a child’s understanding of death?
Age and experience
Children’s comprehension of death varies significantly based on developmental factors.
What are the types of care discussed in relation to grief/loss?
Hospice care, Palliative care
These types of care focus on different aspects of support during end-of-life situations.
Fill in the blank: The abdominal mass in nephroblastoma does NOT cross the _______.
midline
True or False: Ewing sarcoma is a non-aggressive cancer.
False
Ewing sarcoma is known for its aggressive behavior.
