Oncology

Question 1

Weight loss, refractory headaches, increased swelling/pain, excessive bruising/bleeding/rash, lump/mass, constant infections, whitish color behind pupil, nausea/vomiting, constant fatigue, eye/vision changes, recurrent FUO are all signs of what?

Answer 1

WARNING SIGNS OF CA

Question 2

What is the most common malignancy of childhood?

Answer 2

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Question 3

Which condition is due to uncontrolled proliferation of immature lymphocytes?

Answer 3

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Question 4

What condition is associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?

Answer 4

Down syndrome

Question 5

Which condition is associated with bone pain, intermittent fever/fatigue/pallor?

Answer 5

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Question 6

Which condition is associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), and considered an emergency?

Answer 6

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

- Due to massive tumor cell lysis

Question 7

Which condition involves uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts?

Answer 7

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Question 8

Which two conditions are associated with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

Answer 8

• Down syndrome

- NF-1

Question 9

Which condition involves hyperleukocytosis (>100,000) = emergency, Auer rods and circulating myeloblasts, BM biopsy shows 20+% blasts?

Answer 9

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Question 10

Which condition involves myeloproliferative disorder of mature/maturing granulocytes?

Answer 10

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Question 11

What is the only risk factor associated with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

Answer 11

Radiation exposure

Question 12

Which condition involves chronic phase → accelerated phase → blast phase, and which phase is considered most problematic?

Answer 12

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

- Blast phase is worst

Question 13

Which condition involves myeloid cells in all stages of maturation, 20+% blasts if in blast crisis?

Answer 13

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Question 14

Which condition involves the presence of Philadelphia Chromosome?

Answer 14

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Question 15

What is the recommended treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

Answer 15

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

Question 16

What is often the recommended (specific) treatment for childhood CA’s, and which condition is considered slightly different from the others?

Answer 16

HSCT (allogenic)

- Hodgkin Lymphoma involves HSCT (autologous) rather than allogenic

Question 17

Which condition arises in lymph nodes with LOCAL spread?

Answer 17

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 18

Which condition involves painless cervical/supraclavicular LAD; mediastinal mass?

Answer 18

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 19

Which condition involves Reed-Sternberg cells (malignant B cells)?

Answer 19

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 20

Which condition arises from any lymphoid tissue with DISTANT spread?

Answer 20

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 21

Which condition involves rapidly proliferating, high-grade, diffuse malignancies?

Answer 21

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 22

Which condition is VERY progressive (1-3 weeks) – LAD, general symptoms; hepato/splenomegaly if advanced?

Answer 22

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 23

What condition should be cautioned for with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Answer 23

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Question 24

What is the most common solid tumor of childhood?

Answer 24

BRAIN TUMOR

Question 25

What is the leading cause of death from childhood CA?

Answer 25

BRAIN TUMOR

Question 26

Which condition involves AM headache, vomiting and papilledema?

Answer 26

Brain Tumor

Question 27

Which condition involves a larger head circumference, vomiting, lethargy, irritable, FTT, developmental delay?

Answer 27

Brain Tumor

Question 28

Which condition involves HA, visual symptoms, seizure, focal neuro deficits, school failure, personality changes?

Answer 28

Brain Tumor

Question 29

What is the preferred diagnostic test for a Brain Tumor?

Answer 29

MRI

Question 30

What will be seen on tissue biopsy if the brain tumor is Glial? What if it is Nonglial?

Answer 30

- Astrocytoma if Glial Tumor | - Medulloblastomas if Nonglial

Question 31

What is the most common abdominal tumor?

Answer 31

Neuroblastoma

Question 32

What is the most common solid neoplasm outside CNS (adrenal gland)?

Answer 32

Neuroblastoma

Question 33

Which condition involves an abdominal mass (firm, fixed, irregular) that extends beyond midline?

Answer 33

Neuroblastoma

Question 34

Which condition will show urinary catecholamines?

Answer 34

Neuroblastoma

Question 35

What is the second most common abdominal tumor?

Answer 35

Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)

Question 36

Which condition involves asymptomatic abdominal mass/swelling that rarely crosses midline?

Answer 36

Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)

Question 37

What is the most common primary bone malignancy?

Answer 37

Osteosarcoma

Question 38

Which condition occurs in long bones (metaphysis)?

Answer 38

Osteosarcoma

Question 39

Which condition involves bone pain at site, mass formation, fracture; antalgic gait?

Answer 39

Osteosarcoma

Question 40

What is the second most common primary bone malignancy?

Answer 40

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 41

Which condition occurs in long bones (diaphysis)?

Answer 41

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 42

Which condition often affects white males in 2nd decade of life?

Answer 42

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 43

Which condition involves bone pain worse at night?

Answer 43

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 44

Which condition is the most common intraocular tumor?

Answer 44

Retinoblastoma

Question 45

Which childhood CA can be inherited?

Answer 45

Retinoblastoma

Question 46

Which condition involves white pupillary light reflex (leukocoria); strabismus, nystagmus, red/inflamed eye?

Answer 46

Retinoblastoma

Question 47

Which condition involves chalky, off-white retinal mass with soft, friable consistency?

Answer 47

Retinoblastoma

Question 48

Is a biopsy recommended for Retinoblastoma, and why or why not?

Answer 48

NO | - Can lead to tumor seeding

Question 49

What is the most common soft tissue sarcoma?

Answer 49

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 50

Which condition can involve any body part (head, neck most common in young children; extremity tumors in adolescents)?

Answer 50

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 51

What is the most common type is hepatoblastoma?

Answer 51

Hepatic Tumors

Question 52

Which condition involves elevated AFP; US, CT/MRI; treatment of surgery (complete resection)?

Answer 52

Hepatic Tumors