Online Lab Modules

Question 1

Basic Metabolic Panel includes:

Answer 1

Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Bicarb, BUN, Creatinine, Glucose, Calcium

Question 2

BMP is also called:

Answer 2

Chemistry panel
Chemistry screen
Chem 7
SMA 7

Question 3

Sodium importance

Answer 3

Nerve & muscle function

Question 4

Hyponatremia

Answer 4

Low serum Na

Almost always d/t increased intake of water

Question 5

Types of hyponatremia

Answer 5

Hypovolemic
Euvolemic
Hypervolemic

Question 6

Hypernatremia

Answer 6

Elevated serum Na

MC caused by failure to replace water loss

Question 7

Hyperkalemia

Answer 7

High K

Diuretics or impaired urinary K excretion d/t kidney failure

Question 8

Hyperkalemia

Answer 8

High K

Diuretics or impaired urinary K excretion d/t kidney failure

Question 9

Bicarb

Answer 9

Represents acid-base balance

Question 10

BUN

Answer 10

May reflect functioning of liver and/or kidneys

Varies inversely with GFR

Needs to be evaluated in relation to Creatinine

Question 11

Creatinine

Answer 11

Assess renal function

Question 12

Creatinine

Answer 12

Assess renal function (blood marker of GFR)

Increases with GFR decreases

Question 13

Hypercalcemia

Answer 13

MC malignancy or primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 14

Hypocalcemia

Answer 14

Seen infrequently
MC in hospitalized pts
Hypoparathyroidism

Question 15

Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)

Answer 15

BMP + LFTs (total protein, albumin)

Question 16

Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)

Answer 16

BMP + LFTs (total protein, albumin)

Question 17

Albumin checks ___ and ___ function

Answer 17

Liver, kidney

Question 18

Total bilirubin

Answer 18

Amt of bilirubin in a blood sample

Question 19

Bilirubin

Answer 19

Brownish yellow substance found in bile - produced when liver breaks down old RBCs

Question 20

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)

Answer 20

Amt of ALP enzyme in blood - made mostly in liver

Question 21

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)

Answer 21

Amt of AST enzyme in blood - normally low. Tissue or organ damage causes increased release into blood

Question 22

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

Answer 22

Amt of ALT enzyme in blood - normally low.

Marker of liver damage, can also be high in gallbladder disease

Question 23

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

Answer 23

Amt of ALT enzyme in blood - normally low.

Marker of liver damage, can also be high in gallbladder disease

Question 24

CBC includes:

Answer 24

WBC
RBC
Hct
Hb
RBC indices (MCV, MCH)
*Diff WBC & platelets can be ordered specifically

Question 25

Primary function of RBCs

Answer 25

Carry oxygen from lungs to body tissues + transfer CO2 from tissues to lungs

Question 26

Polycythemia

Answer 26

Increased RBC

Question 27

Anemia

Answer 27

General term for decrease in RBCs whether # of RBCs or Hb content or both

Question 28

Anemia

Answer 28

General term for decrease in RBCs whether # of RBCs or Hb content or both

Question 29

Reticulocytes

Answer 29

Immature form of RBCs

Question 30

Reticulocytes

Answer 30

Immature form of RBCs

Question 31

Hematocrit

Answer 31

% of RBCs in plasma

Question 32

If RBC and hemoglobin are normal, hematocrit can be estimated as ~___ the hemoglobin

Answer 32

3x Example - 10 gm Hb ~30% Hct

Question 33

Hct

Answer 33

Can result in cardiac failure

Question 34

Hct > 60%

Answer 34

May result in spontaneous blood clotting

Question 35

To correct anemia, give ____

Answer 35

Packed RBCs

Question 36

Given packed RBCs, hematocrit should rise approx. ____ for each unit transfused

Answer 36

3%

Question 37

Hct is frequently obtained to assess:

Answer 37

Extent of significant blood loss

Question 38

Hct is frequently obtained to assess:

Answer 38

Extent of significant blood loss

Question 39

RBC indices are especially important when:

Answer 39

A patient has LOW hemoglobin and to determine type anemia

Question 40

MCV

Answer 40

Mean corpuscular volume | Avg size of individual RBCs

Question 41

MCV

Answer 41

Mean corpuscular volume | Avg size of individual RBCs

Question 42

MCH

Answer 42

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin | Amt of hemoglobin in 1 RBC

Question 43

MCH

Answer 43

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin | Amt of hemoglobin in 1 RBC

Question 44

Decreased MCV/MCH

Answer 44

Microcytic anemia | Iron deficiency

Question 45

Increased MCV, variable MCH

Answer 45

Macrocytic anemia | Vit B12 and folic acid deficiency

Question 46

WBC - granulocytes / polymorphonuclear (polys)

Answer 46

Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils

Question 47

WBC - agranulocytes

Answer 47

Lymphocytes | Monocytes

Question 48

Lifespan of WBCs

Answer 48

13-20 days

Question 49

Leukocytosis is a sign of infection, but can be masked when?

Answer 49

In patients taking corticosteroids

Question 50

Leukopenia

Answer 50

Decrease WBC | Viral, bacterial, bone marrow disorders

Question 51

Neutrophils function

Answer 51

Primary defense against bacterial infection and physiologic stress

Question 52

Eosinophils function

Answer 52

Allergic reactions

Question 53

Monocytes function

Answer 53

Phagocytosis in inflammation | 2nd line of defense against infection

Question 54

Lymphocytes function

Answer 54

Primary immune system component

Question 55

Platelets function

Answer 55

Blood clotting

Question 56

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 56

Platelets

Question 57

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 57

Platelets