operating system Flashcards
(24 cards)
application software
for users benifit
system software
preforms tasks needed to operate the hardware, and provide services for other softwares
gui
graphical user interface
use icons and other visual indicators to navigate and issue commands
CLI
command line interface
a shell responding to successful text commands
process
program being exicuted by prossesor
processing of os
executes 1 process at a time, suspending it with interrups if necessary
multi tasking
OS can only execute 1 process at a time but allows multipule applications to run by rapidly switching between processes
cpu time
OS allocates cpu time for each process, and prioritises them in order of importance
memory management
-when a user opens a program, it needs to be loaded into the ram
-the os oversees the allocation and management of the ram space
-if there is no space left, virtual memory may be used
-different program data/instructions are kept separate = security
periphera management
periphera management = supplementary hard ware
the os uses device drivers, which are programs that convert between the peripheral signals, and the os signals
user management
-managing the usernames/passwords, and account creation
-in multi-user os there are user account controls
file management
-an is maintains records of all files stored in secondary storage, including information like their location (relative to folders), and what user can access to what
Resource Management
The operating system manages the allocation of the CPU’s processing power to various tasks or
Processor Management
processes
Memory Management
It supervises the allocation and deallocation of memory, ensuring efficient use of available RAM.
File and Data Management
The operating system organizes and manages files on storage devices, including creating, deleting, and organizing files. It provides a file system structure for data storage.
User Interface
The operating system provides a user interface, which can be command-line or graphical, allowing users to interact with the computer system.
Device Management
The operating system interacts with and manages hardware devices such as printers, scanners, and input/output devices, ensuring their proper functioning.
Security and Access Control
The operating system enforces security measures to protect the system from unauthorized access. It controls user access and permissions to various resources.
Process Management
The operating system manages processes, ensuring the orderly execution of programs. It schedules processes to run on the CPU efficiently.
Communication and Networking
The operating system facilitates communication between computers over networks. It manages network connections, protocols, and data transfer.
System Initialization and Shutdown
The operating system initializes the computer system during startup, loading essential components into memory. It also manages the shutdown or reboot process.
Error Handling
The operating system monitors the system for errors and provides basic error handling mechanisms. It may display error messages and attempt to recover from certain errors.
Resource Protection
The operating system ensures that one process or user cannot interfere with the resources allocated to another process or user, providing a level of isolation and protection.
