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CompTIA A+ 220-1102 > Operating Systems Domain > Flashcards

Operating Systems Domain Flashcards

1
Q

Keys to toggle the active language in Windows

A

Start + Space

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2
Q

The biggest benefit of Microsoft Store apps

A

They run in a sandbox. They don’t even require admin privileges to install.

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3
Q

What is Settings> Gaming> Game Mode in Windows used for?

A

It is used to toggle on and off the game mode setting which is used to suspend Windows Update, and prioritize graphics and frame rate over other software

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4
Q

The 4 types of network adapters that can be configured in a Windows host

A

Ethernet
Wi-Fi
Cellular radio
VPN

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5
Q

What modern settings app is used to:
- View network status
- Change IP address properties
- Access other tools

A

Network & Internet

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6
Q

The Control Panel applet that shows basic network information and can be used to set up a new connection or network

A

Network and Sharing Center

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7
Q

Control Panel applet used to configure settings for Microsoft’s Internet Explorer browser

A

Internet Options

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8
Q

A Control Panel link to a folder of shortcuts to several advanced configuration consoles

A

Windows Tools (Windows 11)/Administrative Tools (Windows 10)

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9
Q

MMC snap-in used to maintain disk performance by optimizing file storage patterns

A

Defragment and Optimize Drives

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10
Q

MMC snap-in used to regain disk capacity by deleting unwanted files

A

Disk Cleanup

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11
Q

MMC snap-in used to review system, security, and application logs

A

Event Viewer

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12
Q

MMC snap-in used to view and edit security settings

A

Local Security Policy

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13
Q

MMC snap-ins used to view and log performance statistics

A

Resource Monitor
And
Performance Monitoring

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14
Q

MMC snap-in used to make manual edits to the database of Windows configuration settings

A

Registry Editor

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15
Q

MMC snap-in used to start, stop, and pause processes running in the background

A

Services console

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16
Q

MMC snap-in used to run software and scripts according to calendar or event triggers

A

Task Scheduler

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17
Q

The default management console with multiple snap-ins to schedule tasks and configure local users and groups, disks, services, devices, and so on

A

Computer Management

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18
Q

What will a computer do when it goes into a power-saving mode?

A

Either maintain a small amount of power to the memory modules or write the contents of memory to a hibernation file on disk

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19
Q

What is hybrid sleep mode?

A

When a desktop creates a hibernation file and then goes into a standby state. It can also be configured to switch to the full hibernation state after a defined period.

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20
Q

What does the standby power mode do?

A

Suspends to RAM, cutting power to most of the other devices

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21
Q

What does the hibernate power mode do?

A

Suspends to disk, saving any opened but unsaved file data in memory to disk and then turning the computer off

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22
Q

If you want to physically remove a device and remove its driver what must you do before unplugging the device?

A

Right-click the device and select Uninstall device

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23
Q

What is a “drive” in Windows?

A

A volume that has been mapped to a letter

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24
Q

Which Windows-created volumes are usually not assigned a drive letter?

A
  • The system volume
  • Recovery partitions
25
Q

What Windows volume contains the files used to boot the OS?

A

The system volume

26
Q

What Windows volume contains the OS files and is usually allocated the drive letter C:?

A

The boot volume

27
Q

What volume contains tools to repair a damaged installation and/or return a computer to its factory state?

A

The recovery volume/partition

28
Q

Performance can be impaired when a boot volume gets down to what percentage of free space?

A

20% free space

29
Q

3 things that can damage SSDs

A

Impacts, overheating, and electrical issues

30
Q

When should disk maintenance tools be run?

A

Regularly - at least once a month and before installing software applications

31
Q

What does the Local Users and Groups consule provide?

A

An advanced interface for creating, modifying, disabling, deleting, and changing the password of user accounts

32
Q

What does the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE database govern?

A

System-wide settings

33
Q

What does the HKEY_Users database include?

A

Settings that apply to individual user profiles

34
Q

What does the HKEY_CURRENT_USER include?

A

It contains settings for the logged in user. It is a subset of HKEY_USERS.

35
Q

How can you copy portions of Windows registry to use on other computers?

A

In Registry Editor: File > Export Registry File

36
Q

Where can you find a comprehensive report about a Windows system’s hardware and software components?

A

System Information (msinfo32.exe)

37
Q

What are the 4 main Windows logs in Event Viewer?

A
  • System
  • Application
  • Security
  • Setup
38
Q

What are the 5 severity levels of Event Viewer events?

A
  • Critical. Often a process that has halted or stopped responding.
  • Error.
  • Warning. Could potentially lead to an error or critical condition if not remediated.
  • Information. Noteworthy but not requiring remediation.
  • Audit Success/Failure.
39
Q

How can you see more information about an event in Event Viewer?

A

Double-click the event

40
Q

What does running System Information/msinfo32.exe produce? (5 things specifically)

A
  • An inventory of system resources
  • firmware & OS versions
  • driver file locations
  • environment variables
  • network status
  • & more
41
Q

What does Resource Monitor show?

A

Graphs of resource performance along with key statistics

42
Q

What is a Service?

A

A Windows process that does not require any sort of user interaction & therefore runs in the background (without a window)

43
Q

What two specific things is Performance Monitor used for?

A
  • Viewing real-time charts of system resources
  • Logging information to files called Data Collector Sets for long-term analysis
44
Q

Performance Monitor counter logs collect what kind of information?

A

Statistics about resources such as memory, disk, & processor

45
Q

Performance Monitor trace logs collect what kind of information?

A

Statistics about services, providing detailed reports about resource behavior

46
Q

How do you actually use a saved log generated by Performance Monitor?

A

From the Reports folder, load the log into Performance Monitor or export it to another program

47
Q

What is a memory leak?

A

When a process allocates memory but does not release it again

48
Q

A sustained period of processor usage, greater or equal to what percentage can indicate a processor bottleneck?

A

85%

49
Q

What is the System Configuration Utility used for?

A

To modify settings & files that affect the way the computer boots & loads Windows

50
Q

How is Performance Monitor organized?

A

Resources such as memory & disk are collected into objects. Objects have counters that represent different performance statistics, & there can be multiple instances of the same type of object.

51
Q

What does it mean if a system has a substantial number of page faults occurring?

A

The system is using the page file intensively & could benefit from more RAM being installed.

52
Q

How can a Windows user set a program to run automatically when the computer boots up?

A

Put a shortcut to the program in the startup folder

53
Q

What is the keyboard shortcut to open the Windows Run Dialogue box?

A

Win + Q + R

54
Q

What must you do after adding snap-ins to MMC if you don’t want to have to add them all over again when you want to use them in the future?

A

Save the console by clicking file & save or save as

55
Q

How do you open an elevated Command Prompt from the Instant Search box?

A

Type cmd then press CTRL + SHIFT + ENTER

56
Q

How do you clear the screen in Command Prompt?

A

Use the cls command

57
Q

What is an interactive command in Command Prompt?

A

A command that starts a program, from which point the prompt will only accept input relevant to the program

58
Q

How do you exit an interactive CMD program?

A

Use the exit or quit command

CompTIA A+ 220-1102 (2 decks)

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