Ophthalmology

Question 1

Red, tender nodule along eyelid margin. Name? Treatment?

Answer 1

Exertnal hordeoleum / stye

Treatment: initially warm compress (to facilitate stye rupture and discharge of pus), and if this fails (or becomes chalazion), 1-2 weeks later do I&D.

Question 2

Name for infection of the lacrimal sac

Answer 2

Dacrocystitis

Question 3

Treatment for contact-lens associated keratitis

Answer 3

Emergency!

1. Remove contact
2. Broad-spectrum topical antibiotics to eye

Question 4

Straight lines appear wavy to the patient

Answer 4

Macular degeneration

Question 5

Three types of diabetic retinopathy

Answer 5

1. Background/simple (microaneurysms, hemorrhages, exudates, retinal edema)
2. Pre-proliferative (also cotton-wool spots - axonal damage)
3. Proliferative/malignant (newly formed vessels)

Question 6

Two causes of loss of vision with floaters and photopsia

Answer 6

Vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment
(Differentiate on fundoscopy - will see dark red glow on vitreous hemorrhage, elevated retinat w/ folds or tear in retinal detachment)