ophthalmoscopic evaluation

Question 1

___ ___: genetic; affects children; initially nyctalopia; complaining of peripheral vision loss; tunnel vision; stumbling

Answer 1

retinitis pigmentosa

Question 2

___ ___: thrombosis of retinal a; transient recurrent blurred vision

Answer 2

Amaurosis fugax

Question 3

indications of slow, central loss

Answer 3

nuclear cataract
macular degeneration
open angle glaucoma

Question 4

VIPPRION

Answer 4

vitals
inspection
percussion
palpation
instrumentation
ROM
orthopedic
neurologic

Question 5

indications of contfrontation

Answer 5

glaucoma

retinitis pigmentosus

Question 6

20/20

Answer 6

you can see what the average person sees at 20ft at 20ft

Question 7

__ ___: assess visual acuity; compares pt to normal population vision

Answer 7

snellen chart

Question 8

3 Cs of accommodation

Answer 8

constriction
convergence
convexity

Question 9

indications of cardinal field of gase and accomodation

Answer 9

CN III, IV, VI lesion or lesion to eye muscle

Question 10

positive findings of confrontation

Answer 10

scotoma

diminished peripheral vision

Question 11

_____: blind spot

Answer 11

scotoma

Question 12

indications of confrontation

Answer 12

CN II problems

retinal problem

Question 13

positive findings of pupillary light reflex

Answer 13

pupil fails to constrict

Question 14

indication of pupillary light reflex

Answer 14

CN II lesion
CN III lesion
edinger-westphal nucleus

Question 15

if accomodation is fine in the pupillary light reflex = damage to…

Answer 15

edinger westphal nucleus

Question 16

____ ____ pupil = bacterial infection from spirokeet; STD - syphillys; tabis dorsalis;endocarditis;

Answer 16

argyle-robertsen

Question 17

positive findings of ophthalmoscopic exam

Answer 17

opacity
hemorrhages
AV nicking
papilledema
increased cup/disc ratio

Question 18

ophthalmoscopic exam indications

• opacity =
• hemorrhages/nicking =
• papilledema =
• increased cup/disc ratio =

Answer 18

cataracts
retinopathy
increased intracranial pressure
glaucoma

Question 19

___ ___: autoimmune; secondary to lupus; antibodies affecting lacrimal and affecting decreased tears; dry gritty eyes

Answer 19

sjogrens

Question 20

___ - inward turning eyelid

Answer 20

entropion

Question 21

___ - outward turning eyelid

Answer 21

ectropion

Question 22

___ - infection in gland

Answer 22

sty

Question 23

____ - infection of eyelid

Answer 23

blepharitis

Question 24

___ - cyst involving meibomium gland

Answer 24

chalazion

Question 25

___ - plaque along nasal border; associated with lipid disorders; inflammation of lacrimal sacs

Answer 25

xanthelasma

Question 26

____ - eyes misaligned

Answer 26

strabismus

Question 27

___- lip droop

Answer 27

ptosis

Question 28

___: rhythmic oscillation of the eye; related to labyrinth disorders, cerebellar disorders

Answer 28

nystagmus

Question 29

___ - early conjunctival degeneration

Answer 29

pinguecula

Question 30

___ - conjunctival degeneration following presence of pinguecula

Answer 30

pterygium

Question 31

corneal arcus may indicate _____

Answer 31

hyperlipidemia

Question 32

___ ___ ___: bluish green ring around eye; poisoned water

Answer 32

kaiser Fleischer ring

Question 33

___ ___: look through aperature of iris - should be orange/beige color

Answer 33

red reflex

Question 34

no red reflex = ____

Answer 34

cataracts

Question 35

fixed ___ - pupillary constriction

Answer 35

miosis

Question 36

fixed ___ - pupillary dilation

Answer 36

mydriasis

Question 37

___ - unequal pupils

Answer 37

anisocoria

Question 38

PERRLA

Answer 38

pupils equal round reactive to light accommodation

Question 39

2 reactions to the pupillary light reflex

Answer 39

direct | consensual

Question 40

near reaction of pupillary light reflex

Answer 40

convergence of eyes when shifting gaze from far to near

Question 41

___: seeing double

Answer 41

diplopia

Question 42

___: nearsighted

Answer 42

myopia

Question 43

____: farsighted

Answer 43

hyperopia

Question 44

___: diminished near focus with age

Answer 44

presbyopia

Question 45

___ ____: neovascularization; microaneurysms; hard exudates; hemorrhage; cotton wool patches

Answer 45

diabetic retinopathy

Question 46

___ ___: flame hemorrhage; hard exudates; papilloedema; cotton wool spots

Answer 46

hypertension retinopathy

Question 47

___: optic disc swelling due to intracranial pressure; seconds long graying out, flickering, or blurred or double vision

Answer 47

papilledema

Question 48

___ ___: due to age; thinning, atrophy, bleeding of macula; leading cause of blindness; loss of central vision

Answer 48

macular degeneration

Question 49

___: abnormal cup to disc ratio

Answer 49

glaucoma