Vitals

Question 1

___ - measures of bodys most basic functions

Answer 1

vitals

Question 2

vitals should be performed on every ___ patient

Answer 2

NEW

Question 3

4 components of vitals

Answer 3

blood pressure
pulse
temp
respiration

Question 4

appropriate cuff size: ___% of upper arm circumfrence

Answer 4

40

Question 5

if the cuff is too small = reads too ___

Answer 5

high

Question 6

if the cuff is too large = reads too ___

Answer 6

low

Question 7

___ ____ - standing up and you get a head rush/ feel like you need to faint

Answer 7

orthrostatic hypotension

Question 8

inflatable bladder of cuff centered over ___ ___

Answer 8

brachial artery

Question 9

blood pressure should be measured ____

Answer 9

bilaterally

Question 10

greater than 10mmHg difference in BP of one arm to the other may indicate ___ ___ or ___ of the side with lower presure

Answer 10

arterial compression

obstruction

Question 11

BP is the ___ of the blood pushing against the artery walls

Answer 11

force

Question 12

highest BP when the heart ___

Answer 12

contracts

Question 13

____: represents peak pressure within the arteries due to ventricular contraction

Answer 13

systolic

Question 14

_____: represents pressure within the arteries while the heart is at rest

Answer 14

diastolic

Question 15

___ ___: difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

Answer 15

pulse pressure

Question 16

if there is a low pulse pressure = low ___ ___ or reading error

Answer 16

stroke volume

Question 17

low stroke volume can be indicative of ___ ___ __ or ___

Answer 17

congestive heart failure

shock

Question 18

high stroke volume can be indicative of ____, ___ ____ or ____

Answer 18

arteriosclerosis
aortic regurgitation
hyperthyroidism

Question 19

high pulse pressure is a risk factor for ___ ___

Answer 19

heart disease

Question 20

mechanical influences on BP (5)

Answer 20

stroke volume of LV
aortic and arterial distensibility
arterial blood volume
peripheral resistance with the arteries
blood viscosity

Question 21

5 potential environmental influences on blood pressure

Answer 21

physical activity
emotion
pain
strong sensory stimuli
stimulant drugs

Question 22

less than 80 diastolic pressure =

Answer 22

normal

Question 23

80-89 diastolic pressure =

Answer 23

pre-hypertension

Question 24

90-99 diastolic pressure =

Answer 24

stage 1 hypertension

Question 25

more than 100 diastolic pressure =

Answer 25

stage 2 hypertension

Question 26

less than 120 systolic pressure =

Answer 26

normal

Question 27

120-139 systolic pressure =

Answer 27

pre-hypertension

Question 28

140-159 systolic pressure =

Answer 28

stage 1 hypertension

Question 29

more than 160 systolic pressure =

Answer 29

stage 2 hypertension

Question 30

blood pressure goals for patients with hypertension, diabetes or renal disease is __/__mmHg

Answer 30

130/80

Question 31

type I diabetes mellitus =

Answer 31

autoimmune attack of the beta cells | do not produce insulin

Question 32

type II diabetes mellitus =

Answer 32

insulin resistence | stops producing it

Question 33

malignant hypertension - diastolic - systolic

Answer 33

180+ | 110+

Question 34

blood pressure is lower in ___ people

Answer 34

smaller - shorter - lower weight

Question 35

hypertension can cause damage to 5 organs

Answer 35

``` eyes heart brain kidneys any other organ ```

Question 36

severe hypertension should be managed ___

Answer 36

medically

Question 37

___ ___: drop by 20 or more mmHg in systolic or 10 or more in diastolic when going from laying to standing

Answer 37

orthostatic hypertension

Question 38

normal range of pulse rate

Answer 38

50-90

Question 39

heart rate more than 90

Answer 39

tachycardia

Question 40

heart rate less than 50

Answer 40

bradycardia

Question 41

indications of tachycardia

Answer 41

``` underlying pathology hypertension exercise illness injury emotion ```

Question 42

indications of bradycardia

Answer 42

underlying pathology | well conditioned athlete

Question 43

adult ___ have lower pulse rate than adult ___

Answer 43

women | men

Question 44

____ = disturbance of the normal heart rhythm or force

Answer 44

arrhythmia

Question 45

``` pulse intensity 4 pt scale 0= 1= 2= 3= 4= ```

Answer 45

``` absent diminished or barely palpable expected (normal) full, increased bounding ```

Question 46

pulse intensity can be decreased systemically by ___, __ ___ or severe ___ ___

Answer 46

hypovolemia heart failure aortic stenosis

Question 47

pulse intensity can be decreased locally by ___ and other forms of arterial -___

Answer 47

atherosclerosis

Question 48

pulse intensity can be increased systemically by 5

Answer 48

``` exercise fever hyperthyroidism anemia aortic regurgitation ```

Question 49

pulse intensity can be increased locally by ___

Answer 49

arteriosclerosis

Question 50

aortic sound heard...

Answer 50

right 2nd intercostal space at the parasternal margin

Question 51

pulmonic sound heard...

Answer 51

left 2nd intercostal space at the parasternal margin

Question 52

tricuspid sound heard...

Answer 52

5th intercostal space on the left parasternal margin

Question 53

mitral sound heard..

Answer 53

5th intercostal space at the left midclavicular line

Question 54

normal respiratory rate =

Answer 54

14-20 breaths per minute

Question 55

normal respiratory rate for babies=

Answer 55

as high as 44

Question 56

greater than 20 breaths per minute =

Answer 56

tachypnea

Question 57

less than 20 breaths per minute =

Answer 57

bradypnea

Question 58

indications of tachypnea

Answer 58

``` restrictive lung disease pleurisy elevated diaphragm exercise anxiety ```

Question 59

indications of bradypnea

Answer 59

diabetic coma dugs increased intracranial pressure

Question 60

___= rapid, deep breathing; may be due to exercise, anxiety, metabolic acidosis, or brainstem damage

Answer 60

hyperpnea | hyperventilation

Question 61

____: shortness of breath that begins or incerases when the patient lies down

Answer 61

orthopnea

Question 62

___ ___ ___: shortness of breath after a period of sleep; sitting upright helps relieve the symptoms

Answer 62

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Question 63

normal range for temperature

Answer 63

96.4-99.1

Question 64

elevated temp more than 99.1 indicative of

Answer 64

``` infection trauma malignancy recent physical activity hyperthyroidism acute immune disorders ```

Question 65

diminished temp less than 96.4 indicative of

Answer 65

``` advanced age nutritional deficiency exposure to cold recent cold drink hypothyroidism hypoglycemia ```

Question 66

___: core temp below 95

Answer 66

hypothermia

Question 67

___: an elevated temp at or above 106

Answer 67

hyperpyrexia