Opiates/Narcotics

Question 1

what can opioids naturally be derived from

Answer 1

opium poppy

Question 2

Three uses for opiates/narcotics

Answer 2

Analgesia
Sedation (hypnosis)
Decrease anxiety and fear

Question 3

what kind of receptors in the brain do opiates/narcotics work on

Answer 3

opioid receptors

Question 4

four classes of opioid receptors in the brain

Answer 4

Mu
Kappa
Sigma
Delta

Question 5

which opioid receptor:

Analgesia
Euphoria
Respiratory depression
Physical dependence
Hypothermic actions

Answer 5

Mu

Question 6

which opioid receptor:

Analgesia
Sedation
miosis

Answer 6

Kappa

Question 7

which opioid receptor:

Struggling
Whining
Hallucinations
Mydriatic

Answer 7

Sigma

Question 8

which opioid receptor:

Modify mu receptor activity

Answer 8

Delta

Question 9

what are low doses of opiates/narcotics used for

Answer 9

cough suppressant
decreased peristalsis (anti-diarrheal)

Question 10

what are high doses of opiates/narcotics used for

Answer 10

sedation

Question 11

what opiate/narcotic is used to induce vomiting

Answer 11

apomorphine

Question 12

how can opiates/narcotics be reversed

Answer 12

narcotic antagonists

Question 13

five adverse effects of opiates/narcotics

Answer 13

Severe respiratory depression

Interfere with thermoregulation

Panting, defecation, vomiting, flatulence, constipation

Sound sensitivity; hyperexcitability

Potential for abuse and addiction

Question 14

what is the opiate/narcotic antagonist

Answer 14

nalaxone

Question 15

what narcotic is a natural derivative of opium

Answer 15

morphine

Question 16

what kind of agonist is morphine

Answer 16

Mu

Question 17

what narcotic is the standard for analgesic effect (all other narcotics are compared to it)

Answer 17

morphine

Question 18

which narcotic if given IV, induces histamine release particularly if given as a rapid bolus

Answer 18

morphine (give it slowly)

Question 19

what drug schedule is morphine

Answer 19

schedule II

Question 20

Trade name of Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone

Answer 20

Oxycontin

Question 21

what kind of agonist is Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone

Answer 21

Mu

Question 22

Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone is how much more potent that morphine

Answer 22

10x

Question 23

what narcotic can cause less vomiting that morphine

Answer 23

Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone

Question 24

which narcotic is a better choice for patients with head trauma, eye injury and gastrointestinal disorders

Answer 24

Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone

Question 25

what can Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone be used for in minor procedures

Answer 25

sedation

Question 26

what is Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone combined with for anesthesia

Answer 26

tranquilizer (makes a neuroleptanalgesia)

Question 27

The combination of sedation and analgesia opioid + sedative

Answer 27

neuroleptanalgesia

Question 28

what drug class is Oxymorphone/Hydromorphone

Answer 28

schedule II

Question 29

what kind of agonist is Butorphanol

Answer 29

partial Sigma and Kappa

Question 30

how much stronger than morphine is Butorphanol

Answer 30

4-7x

Question 31

what can butorphanol also be used for

Answer 31

antitussive

Question 32

what schedule drug is Butorphanol

Answer 32

schedule IV

Question 33

what kind of agonist is fentanyl

Answer 33

Mu

Question 34

how much stronger than morphine is fentanyl

Answer 34

100x

Question 35

two ways that fentanyl can be used

Answer 35

IV or transdermal patches

Question 36

what drug class is fentanyl

Answer 36

schedule II

Question 37

two Trade name drugs associated with Hydrocodona

Answer 37

Hycodan Tussigon

Question 38

what is hydrocodone used for

Answer 38

antitussive

Question 39

what kind of agonist is Hydrocodone

Answer 39

Mu

Question 40

drug class of hydrocodone

Answer 40

schedule III

Question 41

what narcotic is restricted to zoo vets

Answer 41

etorphine

Question 42

how much more potent than morphine is etorphine

Answer 42

1000x (used on elephants!) kills humans!

Question 43

Trade name of diphenoxylate

Answer 43

Lomotil

Question 44

what is diphenoxylate combined with

Answer 44

atropine

Question 45

what is diphenoxylate used for

Answer 45

anti-diarrheal

Question 46

what is apomorphine used for

Answer 46

to induce emesis

Question 47

how can apomorphine be administered

Answer 47

Place a small tablet in the conjunctival sac

Question 48

what does apomorphine trigger in the brain

Answer 48

chemoreceptor trigger zone

Question 49

what is codeine used for

Answer 49

anti tussive

Question 50

buprenorphine is a partial _____ agonist-antagonist

Answer 50

Mu

Question 51

buprenorphine has a ______ duration and should be given in ______ doses

Answer 51

long tiny

Question 52

how much stronger than morphine is buprenorphine

Answer 52

40x

Question 53

what species is buprenorphine good for and how should it be administered to them

Answer 53

cats mucosal absorption (don't let them swallow)

Question 54

what schedule drug is buprenorphine

Answer 54

schedule III

Question 55

four examples of neuroleptanalgesia

Answer 55

Morphine + acepromazine Butorphanol + diazepam Butorphanol + Dexdomitor** Fentanyl + droperidol (Innovar-vet)