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Anesthesiology > Opiods > Flashcards

Opiods Flashcards

0
Q

What is the half life of heroin?

A

30 minutes

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1
Q

What is the half life of morphine?

A

2 hours

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2
Q

What is the half life of fentanyl?

A

3-4 hours

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3
Q

What is the morphine equivalent dose of fentanyl?

A

0.1 IV/IM

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4
Q

What is the half life of sufentanil?

A

2.5-4 hours

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5
Q

What is the half life of remifentanil?

A

9 min

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6
Q

What is the morphine equivalent of sufentanil?

A

.01-.02 IV/IM

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7
Q

What is the morphine equivalent of remifentanil?

A

0.04 IV/IM

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8
Q

What is the half life of dilaudid?

A

2-3 hours (hydromorphone)

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9
Q

What is the morphine equivalent of hydromorphone?

A
  1. 3-2 mg IV/IM

7. 5 mg PO

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10
Q

What is the morphine equivalent of oxymorphone?

A

1 mg IV

10 mg PO

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11
Q

What is the half life of oxymorphone?

A

7-9 hours

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12
Q

What is the half life of methadone?

A

15-40 hours

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13
Q

What is the half life of hydrocodone?

A

4 hours

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14
Q

What is the half life of oxycodone?

A

4-5 hours

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15
Q

What is the half life of OxyContin?

A

5-6.5 hours

16
Q

What is the duration of action of naloxone?

A

30-60 minutes

17
Q

What are the side effects of naloxone?

A

Opioid withdrawal
HTN
Ventricular dysrhythmia
Pulmonary edema

18
Q

How should naloxone be dosed?

A

0.5-1 mcg/kg incrementally

19
Q

What are the side effects of opioids?

A 
Cough suppression
Respiratory depression
Constipation
Urinary retention
N/v
Biliary Tract spasm
Histamine release: tachy, flushing, itching, bronchi spasm
Dose dependent brady
20
Q

What is the MOA of methyl naltrexone? What is it used for?

A

Binds to peripheral opioid receptors
Cannot cross Bb barrier because it is a charged polar molecule

Used for opioid induced constipation

21
Q

What are the cardio effects of opioids?

A

Brady

Decrease SVR

22
Q

What is meperidine associated with?

A

Myocardial depression

Seizures

23
Q

What is context sensitive halftime?

A

The time required for a 50% reduction in the plasma concentration of a drug on termination of a constant infusion.

Depends on elimination and redistribution

24
Q

Why does morphine have a prolonged ventilatory response in patients with renal failure?

A

Only 5-10% is excreted unchanged by the kidney

The rest is conjugated in the liver and the eliminated by the kidney. The metabolite is 100X more potent at mu receptors

25
Q

What is the onset of fentanyl?

A

1-3 minutes

26
Q

What is the onset of morphine?

A

5-15 minutes

27
Q

What is the onset of hydromorphone?

A

5 minutes

28
Q

When is the peak effect of fentanyl?

A

3-5 minutes

29
Q

When is the peak effect of morphine?

A

30-90 minutes

30
Q

When is the peak effect of hydromorphone?

A

15-30

31
Q

What is the duration of action of IV fentanyl?

A

0.5-1 hour

32
Q

What is the duration of action of IV morphine?

A

4-5 hours

33
Q

What is the duration of action of IV hydromorphone?

A

4-5 hours

34
Q

Which opioids are associated with seizures in patients with renal failure?

A

Hydromorphone

Meperidine

35
Q

What does remifentanil cause?

A

Bradycardia
Chest wall rigidity
Hyperalgesia

36
Q

What is unique about remifentanil’s structure?

A

It has an ester moiety and is metabolized by plasma esterases

Anesthesiology (19 decks)

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