Opioid analgesics 2

Question 1

Enumerate the action of morphine on respiratory system?

Answer 1

1. Inhibition of respiratory center.
2. Inhibition of cough center (Antitussive).
3. Morphine induce histamine release => Bronchospasm
4. Dryness of bronchial secretion

Question 2

All the following is a precautions of morphine use EXCPT?

A. Bronchial asthma
B. Cardiac asthma
C. Emphysema& Hypoxia
D. Cor-pulmonale

Answer 2

B. Cardiac asthma

Question 3

Morphine has has cardio protective effect in case of angina and acute heart failure by decrease…………………………………… , …………………………….and………………………………..

Answer 3

cardiac preload
cardiac afterload
rate and contractility and that decrease oxygen need of the heart

Question 4

Morphine action on GIT cause……………………

Answer 4

marked constipation

Question 5

Enumerate the action of Morphine on GIT to cause marked constipation?

Answer 5

1. Inhibit motility of stomach.
2. Inhibition of defecation reflex.
3. Decrease the peristaltic movement of intestine.
4. Decrease of GIT secretions.
5. Contraction of the anal sphincters.

Question 6

Biliary colic can be treated by…………………

Answer 6

Nitroglycerin

Question 7

Biliary colic can not be treated by…………………….

Answer 7

Morphine

Question 8

Mention the action of morphine on Urinary system to cause urine retention?

Answer 8

1-Contraction of the sphincter of the bladder.
2-Stimulate release of ADH.
3- Inhibition of micturition reflex.

Question 9

Mention the effect of morphine on pregnant women?

Answer 9

• During pregnancy : fetal addition
• During labor:
  A. Neonatal asphyxia {asphyxia neonatorum}
  B. Restore contracted uterus to normal => delayed labor

Question 10

Mention the therapeutic uses of morphine?

Answer 10

1. Relief of Pain : in visceral, somatic and dull continuous pain
2. Acute left ventricular failure (Pulmonary edema) (Cardiac asthma)
3. Pre-anesthetic medication : in CVS surgery has cardio protective effect as it minimize hemodynamic changes
4. Anti-tussive

Question 11

Duration of analgesic effect of morphine about…………………..

Answer 11

4-6 hrs.

Question 12

Symptoms of acute morphine toxicity (Intoxication) are …………………………….. , ……………………..and…………………………

Answer 12

respiratory depression, Coma, pin point pupil

• Death may occur due to respiratory failure

Question 13

Treatment acute morphine toxicity is………………………..

Answer 13

Naloxone (IV)

Question 14

Tolerance occur to all actions of morphine except…………….. , …………..and………………

Answer 14

miosis, constipation, convulsions

Question 15

Cross tolerance may occur between opioids and other CNS depressants as…………………

Answer 15

Alcohol

Question 16

T OR F / pain of dental origin is usually associated with inflammation and opioids has inflammatory effect so opioids are
the analgesic of choice in dentistry

Answer 16

F / opioids has no inflammatory effect, so NSAIDs are the analgesic of choice in dentistry