Opposition and control in the FRG Flashcards
(13 cards)
Nature of basic law- how did this restrict opposition in the FRG?
Socialist Reich party and KPD banned from government using article 21 (1952 and 1956)
How much of the vote did parties need to gain representation in the Bundestag?
5%
Who protested in the 1950s?
-KPD
-SPD
-Socialist Reich Party
Nature of protest in the 1950s?
Political opposition within government.
How was opposition in the 1950s overcome?
Socialist Reich Party banned 1952.
KPD banned 1956.
BfV set up to investigate opposition.
Who protested in the 1960s?
Youth groups including SDS (the student wing of the SPD) and APO (Extra-parliamentary opposition).
What was being protested in the 1960s?
Failure of denazification and the year zero approach.
Economic recession.
Oppression abroad eg. protest against human rights breaches in Iran in1967.
What was the nature of protest in the 1960s?
Active, violent and youth oriented.
How was opposition in the 1960s overcome?
1968 Emergency Law which allowed government to investigate and spy on opposition groups.
BfV and BND.
Who protested in the 1970s?
Baader Meinhoff gang (RAF)
Black September and anti-fascist groups.
What was being protested in the 1970s?
Marginalisation of groups due to restrictive measures; inability to protest; FRG was becoming authoritarian.
What was the nature of opposition in the 1970s?
More violent; terrorism.
Bank robberies 1970-1972.
Assassinations, bombings, kidnappings, hunger strikes in prison.
How was opposition in the 1970s overcome?
Most of the RAF leaders were imprisoned by the end of the 1970s.
BEFA helps to centralise police information- makes them more effective.
Established GSG-9 (special service) to act against terrorists; close links to SAS and USA.
