Opthalmologic Agents - Linger

Question 1

ocular route admin

Answer 1

topical

into inferior fornix of conjunctiva aka inferio cul de sac

Question 2

nasolacrimal drainage

Answer 2

contribute to systemic absorption

Question 3

esterase

Answer 3

metabolize prodrugs

esters cleaved that are more soluble

Question 4

contraction of pupil

Answer 4

M3 receptor

miosis

Question 5

dilation of pupil

Answer 5

alpha1 receptor

mydriasis

Question 6

accomodation

Answer 6

ciliary muscle

beta 2 and M3 receptors

Question 7

anisocoria

Answer 7

inequal pupil

Question 8

sympatetic tract damage

Answer 8

horners syndrome

ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis

Question 9

CN 3 palsy

Answer 9

dilated unreactive pupil

no miosis**

Question 10

adies pupil

Answer 10

damage to PS tract

mydriasis, sweating, loss of DTR

Question 11

supersensitive to pilocarpine

Answer 11

muscarinc agonist

adies pupil

Question 12

cocaine and horners

Answer 12

no dilation of pupil

-indicate damaged sympathetics

Question 13

opiod agonist

Answer 13

excite PS nerves
-mu receptor

get pinpoint pupils

Question 14

side effects of sympathomimetics

Answer 14

photosensitivity, conjunctival hyperemia hyper sensitivity

Question 15

phenylephrine

Answer 15

sympathomimetic

Question 16

cocaine

Answer 16

sympathomimetic

Question 17

hydroxyamphetamine

Answer 17

sympathomimetic

Question 18

evaluation of anisocoria

Answer 18

hydroxyamphetamine

Question 19

timolol

Answer 19

beta antagonist

Question 20

tx of glaucoma

Answer 20

timolol

Question 21

normal vs. adies pupil

Answer 21

normal has constriction with high dose pilocarpine

adies has constriction with low dose pilocarpine

Question 22

glaucoma

Answer 22

increased IOP

closed and open angle

Question 23

mechanism of latanoprost

Answer 23

increased outflow of aqueous humor

Question 24

prostaglainds

Answer 24

latanoprost

Question 25

decreased aqueous humor production

Answer 25

beta blockers CAIs alpha2 agonists

Question 26

increased aqueous humor outflow

Answer 26

prostaglandin F2a analog alpha-adrenergic agonist - nonselective parasympathomimetics

Question 27

beta blockers

Answer 27

decreased aqueous production

Question 28

first line for glaucoma

Answer 28

latanoprost prostaglandin F2a analog

Question 29

non-selective prodrug of epinephrine

Answer 29

dipivefrin lowers IOP in glaucoma

Question 30

apraclonidine

Answer 30

selective a2 agonist - does not cross BBB

Question 31

dorzolamine and brinzolamide

Answer 31

topical CAIs inhibit CA - reduced bicarb formation - reduced fluid transport reduce IOP in glaucoma

Question 32

oral CAI

Answer 32

acetazolamide

Question 33

adverse of steroid

Answer 33

fam hx of glaucoma | -steroid induced IOP in crease - may occur 90% patients