Oral Anatomy Flashcards
(121 cards)
1
Q
what is a homodont? example?
A
one form and one function of teeth (Shark all pierce food)
2
Q
what is a heterodont? example?
A
several forms in the same arch (humans)
3
Q
what is the difference between polyphyodontism and diphyodontism?
A
poly-many sets of teeth with continuous replacement of teeth
diph-2 sets of teeth such as primary and permanent
4
Q
function of primary dentition
A
alignment, formation, speech, mastication and helps form secondary teeth
5
Q
function of secondary dentition
A
esthetics, speech, and mastication
6
Q
enamel is composed of what and the color depends on what 3 things?
A
composted of 96% mineralized and color depends on
- thickness
- how mineralized
- color of dentin
7
Q
define acrodont
A
teeth are fused to the height of the alveolar ridge (lizards)
8
Q
define pleurodont
A
teeth fused to inner surface of alveolar bone (alligators)
9
Q
define thecodont
A
teeth are held in the jaw by roots (humans)
10
Q
Define Universal Notation for Primary teeth
A
A-T
11
Q
Define Palmer notation for primary teeth
A
A-E with quadrant designation with A being the midline
12
Q
Define FDI system for primary teeth
A
5-8 for quad and 1-5 for tooth
Quad 1=5 Quad 2=6 Quad 3=7 Quad4=8
Tooth A is 55
13
Q
Define Universal Notation for permanent teeth
A
1-32
14
Q
Define Palmer notation for permanent teeth
A
1-8 with quadrant designation with 1 being midline
15
Q
define FDI system for permanent teeth
A
1-4 for quad and 1-8 for tooth
Tooth number 8 is 11
16
Q
DAQT System described
A
Dentition (primary vs permanent)
Arch (maxillary vs mandibular)
Quadrants (left vs right)
Tooth (type and class such as central incisor)
17
Q
how to say a dental charting in the correct order
A
MODBL
18
Q
bones serve as a base for what?
A
palpation of soft tissues
19
Q
8 bones in neurocranium
A
frontal, parietal (2), occipital, temporal (2), sphenoid, ethmoid
20
Q
Coronal suture joins…
A
frontal and parietal
21
Q
sagittal suture joins…
A
2 parietal bones
22
Q
lamboidal suture joins…
A
occipital and parietal bones
23
Q
squamosal suture joins…
A
temporal and parietal bones
24
Q
14 bones in the Viscerocranium
A
Mandible, vomer, 2 maxillae, 2 lacrimal, 2 zygomatic, 2 nasal, 2 palatine, 2 inferior nasal conchae
25
temporozygomatic suture joins..
temporal and zygomatic bones
26
median palatine suture joins..
palatine bone
27
transverse palatine suture joins..
maxilla and palatine bones
28
What are the orbits composed of?
front, ethmoid and lacrimal bones, zygomatic and sphenoid bones, maxilla, and sphenoid
29
Cranial nerves that come through the superior orbital fissure
3, 4, V1, and 6
30
Cranial nerve that comes through the optic canal
2
31
3 things the nasal septum is composed of
1. ethmoid bone
2. vomer bone
3. nasal septum cartilage
32
Foramen ovale transmits what nerve?
V3
33
Foramen spinosum transmits what artery?
meningeal artery
34
foramen rotundum transmits what nerve?
V2
35
optic canal transmits what nerve?
2
36
2 functions of sinuses
1. makes bones lighter
| 2. resonates sound for us
37
What are the muscles of mastication?
1. masseter
2. temporalis
3. medial pterygoid
4. lateral pterygoid
38
action of masseter
elevation of mandible
39
action of temporalis
elevation of mandible and posterior fibers retrude mandible
40
action of medial pterygoid
elevation of the mandible
41
action of lateral pterygoid
slight depression of mandible, protrusion of mandible, and shifting of mandible
42
what are the muscles of facial expression?
1. epicranius
2. orbicularis oculi
3. corrugator supercilii
4. procerus
5. levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
6. levator labii superioris
7. zygomaticus major
8. zygomaticus minor
9. levator anguli oris
10. risorius
11. buccinator
12. orbicularis oris
13. depressor anguli oris
14. depressor labii inferioris
15. mentalis
43
depressor muscle
1. platysma
| 2. tongue
44
what nerve innervates the facial expression muscles?
7
45
function of epicranius
raises eyebrows and scalp moves
46
function of orbicularis oculi
close the eyelid or squint
47
function of corrugator supercilii
moves skin of eyebrows mesial and inferior; vertical wrinkles in forehead -furrowing of the brow
48
function of procerus
horizontal wrinkles between eyebrows
49
function of levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
flaring of nares
50
function of levator labii superioris
elevates upper lip
51
function of zygomaticus major
pulls angle of mouth superior and laterally
52
function of zygomaticus minor
pulls angle of mouth superior and lateral
53
what are the smile muscles?
zygomaticus major and minor, levator anguli oris, and risorius
54
function of levator anguli oris
pulls angle of mouth superior and lateral
55
function of risorius
widens the mouth
56
actions of buccinator
pulls angle of mouth laterally, shortens cheek vertically and horizontally
57
action of orbicularis oris
closes the lips
58
action of depressor anguli oris
depresses angle of mouth
59
action of depressor labii inferioris
depresses the lower lip
60
action of mentalis
elevates skin at chin which will protrude lower lip
61
action of platysma
raises skin on neck and pulls corners of mouth down
62
3 functions of the tongue
speech, mastication, swallowing
63
3 mucosa layers that cover the tongue
1. lining mucosa
2. masticatory mucosa
3. specialized mucosa
64
function of lining mucosa
protective and cushion
65
function of masticatory mucosa
resiliency barrier
66
function of specialized mucosa
taste
67
what are the extrinsic tongue muscles
1. genioglossus
2. styloglossus
3. hyoglossus
68
action of genioglossus
protrusion of the tongue
69
action of styloglossus
retracts tongue
70
action of hyoglossus
depresses the tongue into the mouth
71
functions of intrinsic tongue muscles
1. change shape of tongue
2. speech
3. swallowing
4. mastication
72
intrinsic tongue muscles and in order on the tongue
1. superior longitudinal
2. transverse
3. vertical
4. inferior longitudinal
73
function of superior longitudinal muscle
shortens and thickens tongue
74
function of transverse muscle
lengthens and narrows tongue
75
function of vertical intrinsic muscles
lengthens and narrows tongue
76
function of inferior longitudinal muscles
shortens and thickens tongue
77
functions of the pharynx
1. respiration
2. digestion
3. middle ear pressure
78
what are the muscles of the soft palate
```
palatoglossus muscle
palatopharyngeus muscle
levator veli palatini muscle
tensor veli palatini muscle
muscle of the uvula
```
79
actions of palatoglossus muscle
1. closes oral cavity from pharynx
2. elevation base of tongue
3. depresses soft palate
80
actions of palatopharyneus muscle
palate moves posterior and inferior and posterior pharyngeal wall anterior and superior
81
actions of levator veli palatini muscle
elevates soft palate to contact posterior pharyngeal wall
82
actions of tensor veli palatini muscle
opens Eustachian tube, and tenses and depresses soft palate
83
action of muscle of the uvula
shortens and broadens the uvla
84
action of stylopharyngeus
widens and elevates pharynx
85
action of hyoid muscles
assist in swallowing and mastication
86
what are the suprahyoid muscles?
1. digastric
2. mylohyoid
3. geniohyoid
4. stylohyoid
87
action of digastric muscle
elevates hyoid/larynx and depresses the mandible
88
action of mylohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid, depresses mandible, and helps elevate tongue
89
action of geniohyoid
elevate hyoid; depresses mandible
90
action of stylohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid and depresses mandible
91
what are the infrahyoid muscles?
1. sternothyroid
2. sternohyoid
3. omohyoid
4. thyrohyoid
92
action of sternothyroid muscles
depresses thyroid cartilage/larynx
93
action of sternohyoid muscles
depresses hyoid
94
action of omohyoid muscles
depresses hyoid
95
action of thyrohyoid muscles
depressed hyoid
96
action of sternocleidomastoid muscle
head to opposing side or flexion of head
97
action of trapezius
elevates scapula and clavicle
98
function of arteries
carry blood away from the heart
99
function of veins
carry blood towards the heart
100
what artery supplies most of the blood to the head and neck region?
common carotid
101
what are the 8 branches of the external carotid
Superficial temporal
Maxillary
Posterior Auricular
```
Occipital
Facial
Lingual
Ascending Pharyngeal
Superior Thyroid
```
SALFO PMS
102
superior thyroid artery supplies what
infrahyroid, scm artery, larynx and cartilage in the larynx
103
ascending pharyngeal artery supplies what?
pharyngeal walls, soft palate, and meninges of brain
104
lingual artery supplies what
suprahyoid muscles and floor of mouth and tongue
105
what are the 5 main branches of the facial artery
1. ascending palatine (soft palate)
2. submental (submandibular salivary gland and lymph nodes; mylohyoid and digastric muscles
3. inferior labial (lower lip and some depressor muscles of facial expression
4. superior labial-upper lips
5. angular-tissues lateral to nose (terminal branch)
106
what does the occipital artery supply?
posterior scalp, suprahyoid muscles, sternocleidomastoid, and meninges
107
what does the posterior auricular artery supply?
internal portion of ear
108
what does the superficial temporal artery supply?
parotid gland, temporalis muscle, frontal and parietal scalp
109
what does the maxillary artery supply
muscles of mastication and oral and nasal cavities
110
what does the middle meningeal artery supply
meninges (under pterion)
111
what does the inferior alveolar artery supply
posterior teeth of mandibular, gingiva, and periodonta
112
what does the mylohyoid artery supply
floor of mouth and mylohyoid muscle
113
what does the mental artery supply
tissues of the chin
114
what does the incisive artery supply
mandibular anterior teeth and pre-molars, periodontal and ginigiva
115
what does the deep temporal artery supply
temporalis muscle
116
what does pterygoid branches artery supply
medial and lateral pterygoids
117
what does the masseteric artery supply
masseter
118
what does the buccal artery supply
buccinator
119
what does the deep lingual artery supply
the tongue
120
superficial temporal artery supplies what
parotid gland, temporalis muscle and frontal and parietal scalp
121
what is the maxiallary arteries brocken into
muscles of mastication and oral and nasal cavities
