Periodontology

Question 1

What is the clinical science that deals with the periodontium in health and disease; the branch of dentistry concerned with the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of disease of the supporting structures of the teeth

Answer 1

periodontology

Question 2

what is the aspect of clinical dentistry involved in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the periodontium

Answer 2

periodontics

Question 3

what is any abnormality or pathological state involving the gingival or supporting tissues of the teeth, commonly used to designate collectively the inflammatory and degenerative disease of the periodontium

Answer 3

periodontal disease

Question 4

what suspends and maintains the tooth in its socket

Answer 4

periodontal ligament

Question 5

what anchors the perio ligament fibers to the tooth and protects dentin

Answer 5

cementum

Question 6

what surrounds and supports the roots of the tooth

Answer 6

alveolar bone

Question 7

what provides a seal around the neck of the tooth and holds the tissues against the tooth during mastication

Answer 7

gingiva

Question 8

what separates the free and attached gingiva

Answer 8

free gingival groove

Question 9

what is the pink attached gingiva that meets the red,shiny alveolar mucosa

Answer 9

mucogingival junction

Question 10

What is free gingiva composed of?

Answer 10

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 11

What is the attached ginigva composed of?

Answer 11

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 12

what is the interdental gingiva composed of?

Answer 12

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 13

what is a depression in the interdental gingiva that is apical to the contact area?

Answer 13

col

Question 14

is the col area keratinized? what does this lead to?

Answer 14

no which causes disease to start more easily

Question 15

what is the gingival sulcus composed of

Answer 15

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

what is the smallest structural unit of living matter capable of functioning independently

Answer 16

cells

Question 17

what is the epithelial tissue that separates the epithelial sheets and the connective tissue

Answer 17

basal lamina

Question 18

what tissue makes up the outer surface of the body and lines the body cavities such as the mouth and stomach

Answer 18

epithelial tissue

Question 19

what makes up the skin and mucosa of the oral cavity in which cells are arranged in several layers

Answer 19

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 20

what traits define keratinized tissue

Answer 20

have no nuclei, and form a tough resistant layer on the surface of skin

Question 21

where is keratinized tissue located at in the mouth

Answer 21

attached gingiva, marginal gingiva, interdental papilla, and gingival crest

Question 22

what traits define nonkeratinized tissue

Answer 22

have nuclei, act as a cushion against mechanical stress and the cells are softer and more flexible and more susceptible to disease

Question 23

where is nonkeratinized tissue located at in the mouth

Answer 23

junctional epithelium, sulcular epithelium, col, alveolar mucosa

Question 24

what are the 4 layers of the gingival epithelium (keratinized)

Answer 24

1. stratum basal
2. stratum spinosum
3. stratum granulosum
4. stratum cornium

Question 25

what are traits of stratum basal and what shape of cells is it composed of

Answer 25

deepest layer of epithelium, and composed of columnar or cuboidal shaped cells

Question 26

traits of stratum spinosum and shape of cells

Answer 26

adjacent to the basal cell layer and composed of polygonal shaped cells

Question 27

traits of stratum granulosum and shape of cells

Answer 27

adjacent to the spinous layer and composed of flattened cells

Question 28

traits of stratum cornium and shape of cells

Answer 28

most superficial layer of the epithelium which contains cells that are flatter than those of granular layer and have no nuclei

Question 29

what is the turnover rate for oral epithelium

Answer 29

10-12 days

Question 30

what is the turnover rate for junctional epithelium and why?

Answer 30

1 to 6 days because it is nonkeratinized

Question 31

what two layers makes up the basal lamina

Answer 31

1. lamina densa | 2. lamina lucida

Question 32

traits of lamina densa

Answer 32

layer closest to the connective tissue and contains filaments and granules (dense layer)

Question 33

traits of lamina lucida

Answer 33

clear or lucid layer closest to the epithelium

Question 34

what two layers form the connective tissue

Answer 34

papillary and reticular layers

Question 35

what does the papillary layer contain

Answer 35

collagen fibers that are thin and loosely arranged

Question 36

what dose the reticular layer contain

Answer 36

collagen fibers that are arranged in thick dense bundles

Question 37

what is connective tissue composed of? (3)

Answer 37

1. fibroblast 2. macrophage and neutrophils 3. lymphocyte or polymorphonutro (PMNs)

Question 38

what are fibroblasts?

Answer 38

make fibers and ground substance (extracellular matrix)

Question 39

what are macrophages?

Answer 39

phagocytes that eat dying cells

Question 40

who is the first one to arrive at the site of an infection

Answer 40

PMNs

Question 41

what are epithelial ridges or rete pegs?

Answer 41

deep extensions of epithelium that reach into the connective tissues

Question 42

what are connective tissue papilla?

Answer 42

fingerlike extensions of CT that extend up into the epithelium

Question 43

what is the purpose of rete pigs and connective tissue papilla?

Answer 43

increases surface area for a strong adhesions to resist mechanical forces and increases the area for the epithelium to receive nourishment from the CT

Question 44

what are desmesomes

Answer 44

connects two neighboring epithelial cells and their cytoskeletons together

Question 45

what are hemidesmesomes

Answer 45

connect epithelial cells to the basal lamina

Question 46

what is the lining of the gingival sulcus, and extends from the crest of the Gingival margin to the coronol edge of the JE

Answer 46

sulcular eptihelium

Question 47

purposes of ginigival crevicular fluid

Answer 47

slight in heath and increases in diseases increases during chewing, pregnancy, and oral contraceptives cleanses sulcus IgG, IgM, IgA