Oral and Salivary Gland Disorders Flashcards
In addition to a dental, what other remedy can be used for juvenile hyperplastic gingivitis?
daily brushing with azithromycin-containing dentifrice
- condition seen immature and young adult cats
- the inflammation is only seen in the cheek teeth, and gingival overgrowth is present
What’s feline pyogenic granuloma and how is it treated?
mass that’s formed due to trauma from the maxillary 4th premolar to the first mandibular molar (present or missing)
- tx = surgical removal of the mass, plus blunting/ extraction of the involved tooth/ teeth
Which viruses have been implicated with feline stomatitis?
Feline calicivirus and feline herpes virus 1
What are some clinical signs of feline stomatitis?
- decreased in appetite
- lethargy
- oral, nasal and ocular discharge
- oral pain
- lymphadenopathy
What’s the treatment for stomatitis?
partial or full mouth extraction = gold standard
- corticosteroids
- cyclosporine
- low dose doxycycline
- laser therapy
How is eosinophilic granuloma complex treated?
- steroids
- sx is rarely recommended
What are two auto-immune diseases that only have oral lesions?
Pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid
- the hard palate mucosa can be affected
How are the lesions between pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid different?
Pemphigus vulgaris
- supra-basilar, acanthocytes
Bullous pemphigoid
- sub-epidermal, no acanthocytes
What are some examples of hypersensitivity and metabolic oral conditions?
erythema multiforme and toxic epidermal necrolysis
uremia
What’s a major sequelae of electric injury?
non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
What’s the main therapy for chemical or thermal burn?
lavage with LRS, and conservative therapy
What are some of the clinical signs of masticatory muscle myositis?
acute phase
- muscle swelling
- pain on palpation, opening of mouth
- decreased appetite, body weight
- lethargy
- febrile
- lymphadenopathy
- exophthalmos
- will go through a latent period –> healthy again, then chronic phase –> mostly just muscle atrophy or recurred acute phase
What’s the pathophysiology of masticatory muscle myositis?
masticatory muscles have M2 fibers (other skeletal muscles have 2C fibers)
- masticatory muscle myositis = auto-antibody against 2M fibers –> inflammation, necrosis, phagocytosis
- need muscle biopsy
- CT can help guide areas for sampling (where it’s most contrast enhanced), assess muscle size, lymphadenopathy
What’s the signalment for masticatory muscle myositis?
large breed, young to mid-age adults
What’s the treatment for masticatory muscle myositis?
prednisone, taper down to lowest effective dose
- if not responsive or unable to take prednisone, can try azathioprine
