Oral Cavity and Pharynx Flashcards
(158 cards)
1
Q
the inferior pharyngeal constrictor originates on the:
A
thyroid and cricoid cartilage (pink arrow)
2
Q
red arrow
A
lesser palatine foramina (often multiple on each side)
3
Q
green arrow
A
torus tubaris (swoosh!)
4
Q
green arrow
A
incisive foramen
5
Q
the hard palate is made up of:
A
maxilla and palatine bones (anterior 2/3 of palate)
6
Q
extrinsic muscles of the tongue
A
genioglossus (green), hyoglossus (blue) , palatoglossus (red) , styloglossus (pink)
7
Q
the soft palate is made up of:
A
muscles and soft tissue (posterior, 1/3 of palate)
8
Q
red arrow, branch of?
A
greater palatine nerve, branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion
9
Q
the submandibular duct emerges from the submandibular gland superior to the ___________
A
mylohyoid (green arrow)
10
Q
the superior pharyngeal constrictor originates on the:
A
pterygomandibular raphe (blue arrow)
11
Q
What innervates the mandibular teeth?
A
inferior alveolar nerve, primary branch of CN V3 (mandibular)
(blue arrow)
12
Q
palatopharyngeus action
A
elevate the pharynx
13
Q
“open your mouth and say ahhh” checks the function of which muscle? which nerve?
A
uvula pointing to the side means the levator veli palatini not functioning on one side, which is innervated by vagus nerve
14
Q
the _________ nerve innervates the anterior region of the palate
A
nasopalatine nerve through the incisive foramen
15
Q
pink arrow
A
tensor veli palatini wrapping around pterygoid hamulus
16
Q
the uvula points to the ______, which indicates the ______ side of the _______ nerve is damaged
A
right, left, vagus (levator veli palatini)
17
Q
the lingual vein is ________ to the hyoglossus muscle
A
superficial
(red arrow)
18
Q
gag reflex sensory:_____, motor:_______
A
sensory: glossopharyngeal CN IX
motor: vagus CN X
(barfing in vegas) (in on 9, out on 10)
19
Q
green dot
A
submandibular gland
20
Q
What type of fibers are carried by the greater palatine nerve?
A
parasympathetic fibers to the hard palate
21
Q
palatoglossus muscle innervation
A
vagus (CN X) palate = Stern’s 2nd law
22
Q
green arrow, branch of?
A
greater palatine artery, branch of the descending palatine artery, which is a branch of the maxillary artery
23
Q
blue area
A
oropharynx
24
Q
the greater palatine artery anastomoses with the:
A
sphenopalatine artery from the nasal cavity
25
blue arrow, branch of?
inferior alveolar nerve, primary branch of CN V3 (mandibular)
26
blood supply to the inferior aspect of the tongue
deep lingual artery
| (blue arrow)
27
palatoglossus origin --\> insertion
soft palate (red arrow) --\> lateral side of posterior tongue (pink arrow)
(green arrow)
28
red arrow
cartilagenous auditory tube
29
green arrow
stylopharyngeus muscle
\*(innervated by glossopharyngeal, running through superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors)
30
blue arrow
greater palatine foramen
31
what travels through the greater palatine foramen?
descending palatine artery, greater palatine nerve
(blue arrow)
32
levator veli palatini action
elevate soft palate
33
muscles that **originate** on the soft palate
palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus
34
pink arrow
submandibular ganglion
35
red arrow
lingual tonsil
36
pink arrow
hypoglossal nerve CN XII
37
lingual artery is ______ to the hyoglossus
deep
| (green arrow)
38
blue dot
superior pharyngeal constrictor
39
Why can drug absorption be used "under" the tongue
deep lingual vessels are near the inferior surface of the tongue, which is thinner than the anterior surface (less protected) and the moist environment facilitate drug absorption
40
the sublingual gland empties via:
numerous ducts in sublingual fold (plica)
(green arrows)
41
red arrow
pharyngeal tonsils
42
red arrow
cartilagenous auditory tube
43
green arrow
terminal sulcus
44
red arrow
glossopharyngeal CN IX nerve supplying motor innervation to stylopharyngeus
45
green arrow
stylopharyngeus muscle
\*(innervated by glossopharyngeal, running through superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors)
46
instrinsic muscles of the tongue innervation
hypoglossal (CN XII)
47
muscles that **insert** on the soft palate
tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini
48
blue line
palatopharyngeal arch
49
green area
nasopharynx
50
green arrow
tensor veli palatini
51
levator veli palatini innervation
CN X vagus nerve (palate = Stern's 2nd law)
52
which muscle wraps around the pterygoid hamulus
tensor veli palatini
| (green/pink arrows)
53
red arrow, what structure is it in?
external carotid artery (and terminal branches), parotid gland
54
red arrow
lingual nerve
55
the adenoids are also known as
the pharyngeal tonsils (red arrow)
56
red arrow
salpingopharyngeus
57
green dot
palatine process (maxilla)
58
green arrow
palatopharyngeus
59
green dot
sublingual gland
60
innervation path to the submandibular and sublingual glands:
preganglionic parasympathetic from facial nerve (CN VII) --\> hitchhikes on chorda tympani --\> hitchhikes on lingual nerve --\> synapse in the submandibular ganglion --\> postsynaptic parasympathetics hitchhike on lingual nerve (AGAIN) to the glands
61
light blue area
laryngopharynx
62
intrinsic muscles of the tongue action:
fine control of the tongue (curling, twisting, etc.)
63
alternate name for auditory tube
pharyngotympanic tube, eustachian tube
64
blue dot
horizontal plate of the palatine
65
red arrow
lingual artery
66
green arrow
tensor veli palatini
67
which is more anterior, sublingual gland or submandibular gland?
sublingual gland
68
green arrow
pterygoid hamulus
69
green arrow
Killian's triangle
70
red arrow
palatine tonsil
71
posterior 1/3 innervation of the tongue
glossopharyngeal CN IX (sensory and special sensory)
vagus CN X (sensory and special sensory)
CN IX = yellow, CN X = red
72
green arrow
palatoglossus muscle
73
What innervates the maxillary teeth?
superior alveolar nerves, branches of CN V2
(green arrows)
74
palatopharyngeus origin --\> insertion
soft palate (red arrow) --\> lateral wall of pharynx (light blue arrow)
(blue arrow)
75
the stylopharyngeus muscle dives between the _____ and the _____ at the level of the \_\_\_\_\_\_
superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors at the level of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue (blue arrow)
76
palatopharyngeus innervation
vagus nerve (CN X) palate = Stern's 2nd Law
77
the middle pharyngeal constrictor originates from:
the graeter horn of the hyoid (red arrow)
78
another name for the floor of the oral cavity
sublingual fold
79
blue arrow
glossopharyngeal CN IX
80
green arrow
submandibular duct
81
red arrow
palatoglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)
82
blue arrow
styloid process
83
the sublingual gland is ______ to the floor of the oral cavity
deep
| (green dot)
84
blue dot
hyoglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)
85
muscle and nerve deficit
right genioglossus, right hypoglossal (CN XII)
86
What are the two regions of the oral cavity?
oral vestibule (green)
oral cavity proper (blue)
teeth = border
87
blue arrow
end of the cartilaginous pharyngotympanic tube (auditory tube)
88
the lingual tonsils are located:
on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue (blue arrow)
89
blue arrow
levator veli palatini
90
the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_innervates of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue, except for the _______ muscle, which is innervated by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) (gloss = Stern's 3rd law)
palatoglossus
vagus nerve (CN X) (palate= Stern's 2nd law)
91
the submandibular duct empties via the
sublingual caruncle
(red arrow)
92
the nasopharynx is posterior to the:
choanae and soft palate (green area)
93
the greater palatine artery supplies blood to the:
hard palate
| (green arrow)
94
tensor veli palatini origin --\> insertion
cartilagenous auditory tube --\> side of soft palate
(green arrow)
95
the pharyngeal tonsils are located
superoposterior wall of the nasopharynx (red arrow)
96
blue arrow, what structure is it in?
retromandibular vein, parotid gland
97
red arrow
lingual vein
98
blue arrow
deep lingual artery
99
blue arrow
chorda tympani
100
red arrow
palatine tonsil
101
innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
sensory: lingual nerve from CN V3
special sensory (taste): chorda tympani, hitchhiking on lingual from facial nerve CN VII
102
pink arrow
tensor veli palatini wrapping around the pterygoid hamulus
103
green arrow
palatine tonsils
104
green arrow
glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX providing sensory to pharynx
105
red dot
middle pharyngeal constrictor
106
what is the only nerve of the pharynx **not** innervated by the vagus nerve? Where does it recieve innervation?
stylopharyngeus, glossopharyngeal nerve
107
stylopharyngeus action
pharyngeal elevator (blue arrow)
108
blue arrow
lingual nerve
109
blue arrow, branch of?
lesser palatine artery, branch of descending palatine artery, which is a branch of the maxillary artery
110
green arrow, branch of?
lingual artery, branch of external carotid
111
blood supply to the teeth:
parallels the nerves, superior and inferior alveolar nerves
112
pink arrow
tensor veli palatini
113
What type of fibers are carried on the lesser palatine nerve?
parasympathetic fibers to the soft palate
114
light blue arrow
soft palate
115
what represents the overlapping region of the tongue
valate papilla
(blue arrows)
116
the lesser palatine artery supplies blood to the:
soft palate
| (blue arrow)
117
blue arrow
palatopharyngeus
118
green dot
genioglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)
119
blue arrow
levator veli palatini
120
the lingual vein (red arrow) runs with which nerve?
hypoglossal nerve CN XII
121
green arrows, branches of?
superior alveolar nerves, branches of CN V2 (maxillary)
122
the laryngopharynx is posterior to the
larynx (light blue area)
123
blue arrow
valate papilla
124
pink arrow
deep lingual vein
125
which nerve travels from the nasal cavity to the palate through the incisive foramen
nasopalatine nerve
126
levator veli palatini origin --\> insertion
cartilagenous auditory tube --\> soft palate
(blue arrow)
127
green area
oral vestibule (narrow space between teeth and cheeks/lips)
128
blue arrow
stylopharyngeus
129
green arrow
hyoglossus muscle
130
lateral pharyngeal space makes a go-between for infection to:
danger space, carotid sheath, orbit, cavernous sinus
131
pink arrow, branch of?
lesser palatine nerve, branch of pterygopalatine ganglion
132
green arrow
pharyngeal raphe
133
muscles of the pharynx are innervated by:
vagus CN X
EXCEPT STYLOPHARYNGEUS = GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
134
blue arrow
submandibular duct crossing over the lingual nerve superiorly
135
blue arrow
vagus nerve CN X supplying motor innervation to pharynx
136
green line
palatoglossal arch
137
tensor veli palatini action
tense the soft palate
138
red arrow
soft palate
139
blue arrow
lingual tonsils
140
blue arrow
glossopharyngeal CN IX
141
pink arrow
styloglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)
142
sympathetic innervation to the salivary glands
lingual artery plexus via external carotid plexus (facial artery plexus contributes to a lesser extent)
143
the palatine tonsils are between the _____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_
palatoglosseus and palatopharyngeus (green arrow)
144
pink dot
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
145
what travels through the lesser palatine foramina?
lesser palatine nerve(s)
| (red arrow)
146
What is a common site of esophageal diverticulum formation? Why?
Killian's triangle, weak point in pharynx in inferior constrictor due to change in orientaion of muscle fibers
147
palatoglossus action
elevate the tongue
148
the pterygomandibular raphe is a connective tissue sheath between _____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_
superior pharyngeal constrictor and buccinator (blue line)
149
tensor veli palatini innervation
CN V3 mandibular nerve (tensor = Stern's 1st Law)
150
purple area
oral cavity proper (interal to the tooth row)
151
the pharyngeal tonsils are also known as
adenoids
152
red arrow
levator veli palatini
153
palatopharyngeus action
pharyngeal elevator (green arrow)
154
light blue arrow
soft palate
155
the palatine process is a part of the ______ bone
maxilla
156
green arrow, what structure is it in?
motor branches of the facial nerve, parotid gland
157
the oropharynx is posterior to the:
oral cavity (blue area)
158
blue arrow
lingual nerve (postganglionic parasympathetic nerves hitchhike to glands)
