Oral Cavity: Tongue

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Muscular mass invested by mucous membrane

Question 2

Parts

Answer 2

1. Tip
2. Root
3. Margins
4. 2 surfaces

Question 3

Surfaces

Answer 3

1. Lower (ventral) surface
2. Upper (dorsal) surafce

Question 4

Lower surface

Answer 4

Smooth and related to mouth floor shows:
1. Frenulum linguae
2. Deep lingual vein
3. Fimbriated ridge

Question 5

Frenulum linguae

Answer 5

Mucous membrane raised ridge connecting tongue and mouth floor ending posterior by sublingual papillae

Question 6

Deep lingual vein

Answer 6

On each side of frenulum, extending backwards from tongue tip

Question 7

Fimbrated ridge

Answer 7

Lateral to deep lingual vein

Question 8

Fimbrated ridge

Answer 8

Lateral to deep lingual vein

Question 9

Upper surface

Answer 9

Rough (lingual papillae) divided by V-shaped groove (sulcus terminalis) into 2 parts:
1. Anterior 2/3 (oral part)
2. Posterior 1/3 (pharyngeal part)

Question 10

Oral part

Answer 10

1. Lies in mouth cavity
2. Directed upwards
3. Contains lingual papillae:
   - vallate
   - fungiform
   - foliate
   All contain taste buds except filiform
4. 2 sensory nerves:
   - lingual
   - chorda tympani

Question 11

Pharyngeal part

Answer 11

1. Lies in Oropharynx
2. Directed backwards
3. Contains lingual tonsil (lymph mass in submucosa)
4. 1 sensory nerve:
   - Glossopharyngeal

Question 12

Muscles

Answer 12

1. Extrinsic
2. Intrinsic

Question 13

Extrinsic muscles

Answer 13

1. Styloglossus
2. Genioglossus
3. Palatoglossus
4. Hyoglossus

Question 14

Intrinsic muscles

Answer 14

1. Superior longitudinal
2. Inferior longitudinal
3. Transverse
4. Vertical

Question 15

Styloglossus origin

Answer 15

Styloid process tip

Question 16

Styloglossus action

Answer 16

Retracts tongue

Question 17

Genioglossus origin

Answer 17

From upper genial tubercle

Question 18

Genioglossus action

Answer 18

Protrudes tongue

Question 19

Palatoglossus origin

Answer 19

Palatine aponeurosis

Question 20

Palatoglossus action

Answer 20

Elevates tongue

Question 21

Hyoglossus origin

Answer 21

Hyoid bone

Question 22

Hyoglossus action

Answer 22

Depresses tongue

Question 23

Intrinsic muscle

Answer 23

They change shape of tongue turning its tip upwards or downwards and folding its borders

Question 24

Nerve supply

Answer 24

1. Motor
2. Sensory

Question 25

Motor

Answer 25

All muscles (extrinsic and intrinsic) are supplied by hypoglossal nerve except Palatoglossus by pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory via pharyngeal branch of vagus)

Question 26

Sensory

Answer 26

Anterior 2/3: 1. Lingual nerve 2. Chorda tympani Posterior 1/3: 1. Glossopharyngeal nerve Root: in front of epiglottis 1. Internal laryngeal nerve (vagus nerve)

Question 27

Lingual nerve

Answer 27

For general sensation

Question 28

Chorda tympani

Answer 28

For taste sensation

Question 29

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 29

For general and taste sensations

Question 30

Internal laryngeal nerve

Answer 30

For general sensation

Question 31

Atrial supplu

Answer 31

1. Deep artery of tongue (profounda linguae) 2. 2 dorsal lingual arteries

Question 32

Profunda linguae

Answer 32

Continuation of lingual artery Supplies: 1. Tongue anterior part and tip Anastomoses with opposite artery at tip

Question 33

Dorsal lingual arteries

Answer 33

From 2nd part lingual artery Supplies: 1. Tongue posterior part

Question 34

Venous drainage

Answer 34

1. Deep lingual vein 2. Lingual artery venae comitants

Question 35

Deep lingual vein

Answer 35

1. Extends from tongue tip backwards on lower surface muslsa 2. Joined by sublingual vein forming vena comitants of hypoglossal nerve 3. Runs superficial to Hyoglossus ending in lingual vein 4. End in IJV

Question 36

Lingual artery venae comitants

Answer 36

Runs deep to hypoglossus receiving 2 dorsal lingual veins ending in lingual vein

Question 37

Lymph drainage

Answer 37

Anterior 2/3: 1. Tip and frenulum 2. Margins 3. Central part Posterior 1/3

Question 38

Tip and frenulum

Answer 38

Submental nodes

Question 39

Margins

Answer 39

1. Submandibular node 2. Jugulodigastric node 3. Jugulo-omohyoid node on the same side

Question 40

Central part

Answer 40

1. Submandibular node 2. Jugulodigastric node 3. Jugulodigastric-omohyoid node On both sides of the

Question 41

Posterior 1/3

Answer 41

Jugulodigastric and Jugulodigastric-omohyoid nodes on the same side in case of margins and on both sides and in case of central part