Oral Function, Swallowing and Speech

Question 1

swallowing stages

Answer 1

buccal [v]
pharyngeal n[iv]
oesophageal [iv]

Question 2

function of swallowing

Answer 2

feeding - bolus through lower pharynx and eodophagus to sotmach
protective - prevents entering airway

Question 3

swallowing liquids

Answer 3

gathered on tongue, anterior to pillar of fauces
sepated by posterior oral seal
properlled oropharyn and hypopharynx to oesophagus

Question 4

swallowing solid bolus

Answer 4

accumualtes on pharyngeal tngue and vvallecula, no true oral seal, tongue to hyopharynx and oesophagus

Question 5

key points of swallowing

Answer 5

liquids swallowed from mouth, proper oral seal
solids swallowed from oropharynx, no oral seal
both rapidly move from hypophyarynx to laryngeal inlet

Question 6

swallowing tongue movements

Answer 6

forward movement in occlusala nd opening phase, squeeze back mechanisms, processed

Question 7

swallowing events tongue

Answer 7

propulsion of food
prevention of reflux
protecting airway
duration depends

Question 8

prevention of reflux

Answer 8

elevation of soft palate
tongue contacts pillar of fauces and poserior pharyngeal wall
upper oesophageal sphincter - reflex from os to pharynx
lower - reflux from stomach to oeso

Question 9

erosion

Answer 9

stomach acid roding teeth
palatal anterior

Question 10

attrition

Answer 10

tooth wear occlusally caused by contact in occluding teeth
bruxism, parafunction

Question 11

abrasion

Answer 11

usually through biting/chewing objects in teeth, combned erosion and abrasion
acid weakens, more susceptble

Question 12

abfraction

Answer 12

stress lesions
flexure and fatigue of teeth away from point of loading

Question 13

airway protection

Answer 13

upward and forward pharynx movement
closure of laryngeal inlet [aryepiglottic muscles, epiglottis]
abduction of vocal folds, stop breathing [apnoea]

Question 14

dysphasia

Answer 14

specific language disorder
damage to brain, brocas, wernicke area

Question 15

dysarthria

Answer 15

difficulty speaking, problems with muscles used in speech
neruomuscular defects
lesions in nerual pathways, cranial nerves, vocal musces

Question 16

odynophagia

Answer 16

extreme pain when swallowing

Question 17

oral causes of language and speech defects

Answer 17

malocclusoons, loss of teeth, cleft lip/palate, tongue, dry mouth

Question 18

cleft palate

Answer 18

oral and nasal cavitiy not seperated, speech has nasal quality, palatal defect needs fixed

Question 19

tongue issues related to language/speech defects

Answer 19

tongue tie, partial atrophy, tongue stuf

Question 20

xerostomia

Answer 20

dry mouth
impeded speech, inadequate saliva, hard to pronounce words, cant speak, cant swallow and speak nornally

Question 21

denture related speech issues

Answer 21

restricted tongue space, base too thick, atifical teeth not set properly

Question 22

loss of teeth + SPEECH sound ability

Answer 22

maxillary anterior - F and V lower lip on incisors
occlusal plane - f v ph
replacement of upper teeth
ask questions to get an idea of natural speech

Question 23

embouchure

Answer 23

postion and use of lips tongue and teeth wind instrument
important social history