oral hygiene Flashcards

Question

LPS (Endotoxin) Source: Effects:

Answer 1

Gram-negatives (e.g., TF,AA, PG, ) Effects: Increases cytokine release from PMNs, macrophages, and fibroblasts Induces NO secretion in macrophages Increases differentiation of osteoclast precursors->Activates osteoclasts Stimulates T helper cell proliferation

Answer 2

TF, AA, PG, CR, PI, FN, Capnocytophaga Promotes PDL epithelial cell proliferation and osteolytic activity Molecular mimicry between bacterial and host HSP leading to autoimmune response

Answer 3

TF, PG Degrade "LAFF" proteins: Laminin, Albumin, Fibrinogen, Fibronectin Hydrolyze collagen IV, IgG, and IgA

Answer 4

AA Low levels: Promote apoptosis of WBCs (T cells, NK cells, PMNs), aiding in immune evasion High levels: Cause cell death by necrosis

Answer 5

Produced by AA only -leukotoxin Specifically targets white blood cells (WBCs) Low levels: Promote apoptosis of WBCs (immune evasion) High levels: Cause necrosis of cells VS Endotoxin (LPS): Found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., TF, AA, PG) Acts broadly on multiple cell types (PMNs, macrophages, fibroblasts) Increases cytokine release, NO secretion, and promotes differentiation and activation of osteoclasts

Answer 6

Contraindicated, eg Cavitron

Answer 7

1aesthetic quality, which mimics the natural emergence of a tooth from the gums, 2 easy to clean; avoiding food impaction due to its recessed form. 3 its structural strength, compared to a modified ridge lap pontic, often eliminating the issue of unsupported, weak porcelain that can be present at the gum-facing edge of the pontic.

Answer 8

yes, Indicated

Answer 9

1Advanced form of 3D-CRT: Utilizes non-uniform radiation intensities optimized by computer techniques. 2 Greater conformity to target/tumor; higher doses to be focused on the tumor. 3 Sparing of normal tissues/parotid gland+ 4 Reduces adjacent tissue toxicities. 5 Lower risk of osteoradionecrosis 6 Suitable for treating recurrent tumors. can-re-irradiation.

Answer 10

Condition: The disc is anterior to the condylar head in the closed mouth position and reduces upon opening. Symptoms: Clicking, popping, or snapping noises in last 30 days with jaw m/m. Medial and lateral displacement of the disc possible.

Answer 11

Condition: The disc is anterior in the closed mouth position and intermittently reduces with opening. Limited mandibular opening occurs when the disc does not reduce. Symptoms: Clicking, popping, or snapping noises[last 30 days with jaw m/m]. Medial and lateral displacement of the disc possible. Requires a maneuver to unlock the TMJ. Imaging: MRI- disc displacement with reduction.

Answer 12

In the closed mouth position, the disc is in an anterior position relative to the condylar head, and the disc does not reduce with opening of the mouth. Persistent LMO that does not reduce with the clinician or patient performing a manipulative maneuver AND INTERFERing with ability to eat; <40mm. This is also referred to as “closed lock.” This disorder is associated with limited mandibular opening.

Answer 13

In the closed mouth position, the disc is in an anterior position relative the condylar head and the disc does not reduce with opening of the mouth. This disorder is NOT associated with current limited opening. 1. Maximum assisted opening (passive stretch) movement including vertical incisal overlap ≥ 40 mm.

Answer 14

A short, sharp pain arising from exposed dentine [enamel loss or gingival recession] in response to stimuli such as thermal, tactile, osmotic, or chemical. Theory Basis: Dentine hypersensitivity is caused by the movement of fluid within the dentinal tubules dt external stimuli (hot, cold, touch). This movement of fluid stimulates mechanoreceptors [nerve endings] located at the **pulp-dentine interface**, leading to pain. Cold Stimuli: Cause fluid to contract and move inward. Hot Stimuli: Cause fluid to expand and move outward.

Answer 15

Arginine +Calcium Carbonate: work together to occlude (block) the open dentinal tubules and prevents fluid movement, which is the main cause of dentine hypersensitivity according to Brännström's Hydrodynamic Theory. =Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief// 8%

oral hygiene Flashcards

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